Esta investigación tuvo como finalidad disminuir la humedad y el contenido de patógenos presentes en el lodo residual de la Planta de Tratamiento de Aguas Residuales de Santa Clara. Esto permitiría reducir costos de transporte del lodo al relleno sanitario y su posible reutilización como fertilizante. La deshidratación a escala piloto se realizó mediante un proceso constituido por un secador convectivo de rotación continua, tanque de agitación, tornillo de alimentación, sistema de calentamiento de aire, colector ciclónico y un lavador de gases. El efecto de la temperatura (120°C, 150°C y 200°C) y el tiempo de permanencia del lodo dentro del tambor de secado (20, 40, y 60 minutos) fueron estudiados. El lodo húmedo inicial, conteniendo 85.90%, 9.17% y 4.93% en agua, sólidos suspendidos volátiles y sólidos suspendidos no volátiles respectivamente, alcanzó una humedad mínima promedio de 17.74% a una temperatura de 200°C y 60 minutos de permanencia. No se detectó en la muestra de lodo inicial Huevos de Helmintos, pero si un alto contenido de Escherichia Coli (4×105 NMP/1g ST a 1.6×107 NMP/1g ST), siendo necesario adicionar para estabilizarla a pH alrededor de 12 durante la alimentación del lodo al secador. La caracterización del lodo deshidratación muestra que la alta concentración de nutrientes (N, P, C, etc.) indica ventajas como fertilizante, pero su alto contenido en metales sugiere mayor investigación si se pretende usarlo en el cultivo de alimentos.
Solution thermodynamics and kinetic modelling applied to struvite crystallisation–precipitation were reviewed from diverse references to determine proximity between predicted and cited experimental measurements. These simulations show the expected variability range of struvite saturation calculation when only limited solution compositional information is given, showing acceptable agreement between predicted and experimental struvite mass. This work also compares results from struvite crystallisation kinetic studies on liquid phase species depletion, crystallisation induction time, primary nucleation, secondary nucleation, crystal growth, and crystal aggregation. Large inconsistencies between reported kinetics were observed in many scenarios. Variations in species depletion models highlighted that they are only suitably applied to the specific system from which they were regressed. Spontaneous primary nucleation was predicted to occur in the range of SI = 0.237–0.8. Predicted primary nucleation rates vary over at least 10 orders of magnitude (depending on supersaturation) because of uncertainties in interfacial tension and maximum achievable nucleation rate. Secondary nucleation rates are more agreeable, varying over approximately two orders of magnitude. Growth rates varied over five orders of magnitude due to variations in experimental conditions. Aggregation rates are not thoroughly examined enough to make any inferences.
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