This is an empirical study aimed to explore the impact of IT in efficiency in government and the intersection between administrative efficiency and the institutional design of IT standardization for civil servants. In this research, the top three digital standardization systems in the administrative process in the sampling governments are (1) the documentary management system aims to mange internal or external official documents via digitalized and standardized information systems; (2) the digitalized timecard system focuses on handling the individual working hours of officials and (3) the personnel management systems deals with officials' personal data, including recruitment, resignation and so on. This research is based on the perspective of standards development organizations (SDOs). The study examines the critical link between the institutional design of SDOs and working efficiency after digitalized standardization in e-government. When applying the survey data from bureaucrats in Tainan City Council and Tainan municipal government, Taiwan to the ordered Logit model, the results showed that the time of tenure and working types significantly affect bureaucrats' perceived efficiency increase level. Also, for civil servants, IT standardization in administration increases their communication and cooperation.

This chapter aims to identify the role of risk perception and trust in civil servants’ intention to deliver e-services in e-government. The research method is based on theories on perceived behaviors and technology acceptance. The research uses questionnaires to examine civil servants’ intention to adopt digitalized services in e-government and seeks to measure perceived usefulness of e-services, subjective norm, self-efficacy, technology facilitating conditions, trust towards Information Systems, and perceived risk from the perspective of service marketing (e.g., SSTs, self-service technologies). Structural equation modeling is used to further analyze the data and to design a theoretical model predicting the individual’s intention to trust e-services in e-government. The research results indicate that perceived usefulness cannot directly influence behavioral intention without an attitude of acceptance towards digitalized administration. Further, civil servants do not have high risk perception in using online public services.

The Theory of Planned Behavior was chosen as the framework, assuming that college students are rational decision makers seeking to maximize economic gains in purchasing compact discs. A questionnaire was given to 450 students from four college campuses in the Kaohsiung area of Taiwan. Analyses showed that the more positively rated the Behavioral Intention toward purchasing pirated music compact discs, the more likely the college students were to purchase them. Conversely, when Subjective Norms and Perceived Behavioral Control were higher, college students were less likely to make a purchase. Therefore, buying pirated compact discs was consistent with the premises for Attitude, Subjective Norms, and Behavioral Control.

This research contributes to the current knowledge on public sector support for and digital transformation of micro-enterprises. The goal of this research is to identify the necessary public-sector or government support measures for microenterprises and to provide policymakers with guidance on how to facilitate a successful digital transformation. To accomplish our goal, we conducted qualitative research with an in-depth interview with Yogyakarta micro-enterprises to collect authentic data. As a result, we were able to obtain responses from the local government as well as six sectors of MEs in Yogyakarta that was affected by the COVID-19 Pandemic Crisis, namely culinary, processed industry, creative industry, agriculture sector, fashion, and event organizer. According to the findings of the study, supporting digital transformation with full government support has a significant impact on enterprise success, income generation, and crisis resilience. In terms of assisting with the implementation of going digital, the Yogyakarta government already has a fairly good apparatus capital readiness, such as creating a marketing platform “Sibakul,” providing business consulting facilities to micro businesses in collaboration with an integrated business service center, which includes facilitating things about online business, and collaborating with relevant stakeholders such as regional apparatus organizations, and universities. However, the government’s capacity to support micro-enterprises in the Yogyakarta area still has flaws, including in terms of quality and quantity that are not yet qualified and insufficient, a lack of budget to support going digital, and government officials’ understanding of the importance of technology. Another factor to consider in the development of digitalization is the presence of research and development (R&D), which is currently lacking in Yogyakarta.