Sinopec has acquired six deep water blocks in Angola. According to their geological features, a series of key technologies have been developed and applied by all partners under the leadship of operaters, covering reservoir description, reservoir engineering, production engineering, flow assurance, etc. On the Basis of a sedimentary faces study, seismic waveform and amplitude, prediction method was developed to identify turbidity sands with thicknesses of 3-5 m; fault imperviousness and connectivity were determined by using static value potential of shale smear, dynamic interference testing, and dynamic correlation of production data on both sides of the faults; individual well production capacity was evaluated by DST testing results, and residual oil was described by 4D seismic data; six development strategies were made for Angola deep water oil fields development, including fast recovery, high production rate with minimum wells, carefully feasibility study in advance, full utilization of main offshore facilities, optimization of the entire production system, and efficient operation of production facilities. Additionally, certain technical measures were successfully applied to determine development layer series, well pattern and spacing, development sequences, injection strategy, and production rate. Slug flow was minimized by riser base gas lift. Insulation and chemical injection were introduced for flow assurance. Most wells were completed with open hole gravel pack and expanding screen for sand control. Above mentioned technologies were effectively applied and proved to be successes in Block 18, Block 15/06, and Block 32, which have technical significances for the development of oilfields with similar conditions.
There are 32 arctic offshore oil/gas projects already in operation or having confirmed development plan. Seven offshore engineering patterns have been applied, including "gravity based structure (GBS) + shipping pipeline", "subsea production system + onshore terminal", "artificial island + shipping pipeline", "jacket platform +shipping pipeline + onshore terminal", "floating platform + subsea system", "FPSO + subsea system" and "offshore oil produced from land". Gravity based structure is the most widely used production platform, followed by FPSO/FSO, subsea production system, floating platforms and artificial islands. Arctic offshore wells have been mainly drilled from anti-ice floating drilling platform, ice-resistant fixed drilling platform and artificial island. In future, arctic petroleum exploration & production will move to deeper water area; natural gas development will play more important role. In arctic offshore E&P area Tremendous facilities and technologies will be developed and applied, including anti-ice floating concrete Spar, fully enclosed production platform, "subsea factory", round semi-submersible drilling platform, seafloor drilling rig, GBS LNG facility, free hanging solid ballast semi (FHSB Semi) platform and so on. Advantages & disadvantages, application conditions of main arctic offshore engineering patterns, facilities & technologies are described, which shall be helpful for arctic project investment opportunity study, screening and evaluation.
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