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The etiology of the movements of the congenital peripapillary staphyloma in our patient may include a misbalance between intraocular pressure and orbital cerebrospinal fluid pressure or contractions of extraocular muscles. The observations may give information about the physiology and pathophysiology of the optic nerve head.

Purpose: Aiming at measuring levels of High-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) and inflammation-related cytokines in the aqueous humor of patients with acute primary angle-closure glaucoma (APAG) and age-related cataract eyes (ARC). Methods: Aqueous humor samples were obtained from 59 eyes of 59 Chinese subjects(APAG, 32 eyes; and ARC, 27eyes). The multiplex bead immunoassay technique was used to measure the Levels of HMGB1 and IL-8, IL-6, G-CSF, MCP-3, VEGF, sVEGFR-1, sVEFGR-2, TNF-α, PDGF and IL-10 in aqueous. The data of Patients’ demographics and preoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) were also gathering for related analysis. Results: The APAG group showed significantly elevated concentrations of HMGB1, IL-8, IL-6, G-CSF, VEGF, sVEGFR-1 and TNF-α than those in ARC group. Aqueous HMGB1 level correlated significantly with IOP, IL-8, IL6, G-CSF and sVEGFR-1 levels but not with age, TNF-α or VEGF levels. Conclusions: The aqueous level of HMGB1 is elevated in APAG and is associated with aqueous level of inflammation-related cytokines, suggesting an association between elevated levels of HMGB1, APAC and certain inflammatory modulators which, of course, should lead to further investigations in order to demonstrate cause and effect.

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