Local anaesthesia teaching programmes and the rating of this teaching by dental students show a considerable variation across European dental schools. Students considered better preparation highly desirable. The variability in programmes may have implications for mobility of students between European dental schools.

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This study is part of a larger research project which aims to analyze children's dental fear by making a detailed analysis of the behavioral interactions between dentists and anxious child patients. The behavior of 12 high- and 12 low-anxious children was recorded on videotape during two dental visits in which the children were treated by either experienced or inexperienced dentists. Results indicated a relation between the dentist's experience in treating anxious children and the behavior of child patients. In general, children treated by experienced dentists showed more fear-related behaviors. Furthermore, the behavior of the dentist was related to both his experience and the fear level of the child patient. Experienced dentists showed more communicative behaviors than the inexperienced dentists, but all dentists communicated more with high- than with low-anxious children. Experienced dentists worked faster than inexperienced dentists, but treatment of the high-anxious children was not more time-consuming than treatment of the low-anxious children.

To explore the diagnostic value of MRI-DWI signal intensity value combined with serum PGI. PGII and CA199 in early gastric cancer. Sixty cases of gastric cancer patients admitted to our hospital from December 2019 to December 2020 were selected as the gastric cancer group and 80 cases of healthy volunteers who underwent physical examination in our hospital during the same period were selected as the healthy group. All the 60 patients underwent MRI-DWI examination, and the pathological diagnosis results were regarded as the gold standard. MRI-DWI images, MRI-DWI signal intensity values of patients with different degrees of gastric cancer differentiation. Serum PGI, PGII and CA199 levels of subjects in the two groups were compared. AUC was used to evaluate the diagnostic value of MRI-DWI signal intensity value combined with serum PGI, PG II and CA199 for early gastric cancer. In the healthy group, T1W1 showed relatively uniform low signal intensity. While T2WI showed no significant increase in signal intensity. In the gastric cancer group. There was diffuse gastric wall thickening, local thickening or mass formation; T1WI and WATS showed slightly lower signal intensity in the lesion area. T2WI, FLAIR and B-TFE showed slightly uneven or moderately increased signal intensity. DWI showed limited diffusion, and the signal intensity increased uniformly or more uniformly, and the range of increase was clear. The signal intensity of MRI-DWI was 89.12 ± 8.14 in patients with low differentiation, 82.17 ± 6.35 in patients with moderate differentiation, and 74.52 ± 4.53 in patients with high differentiation. There were significant differences in the signal intensity of MRI-DWI among the three groups, and the difference was statistically significant (F=12.214, P <0.05). Serum PGI levels of subjects in the gastric cancer group were significantly lower than those in the healthy group, and the levels of PGII and CA199 were significantly higher than that in the healthy group, with statistical significance (P <0.05). The AUC, sensitivity and specificity of MRI-DWI signal intensity value and serum PGI, PGII and CA199 combined indexes in the diagnosis of gastric cancer were significantly higher than those of the independent indexes, with statistical significance (P <0.05). Conclusion: MRI-DWI signal strength value, serum PGI, PGII and CA199 levels are closely related to the occurrence and development of early gastric cancer. The combined detection and diagnosis efficiency is higher, which is helpful to improve the detection rate of early gastric cancer and is worthy of extensive clinical application.

In order to find out how dental students feel about their education in the application of local anaesthesia, a questionnaire was distributed via e-mail among all dental students in the Netherlands. A total of 397 completed questionnaires were analyzed statistically. At all 3 dental schools in the second year instruction in theoretical aspects of local anaesthesia began. Practical teaching began in the second or third study year. A preclinical training model was used by 15% of the students in Amsterdam, 20% of the students in Nijmegen and 35% of the students in Groningen. When they administered their first injection in a human, a fellow dental student in 91-98% of all cases, 24-74% of the students felt that they were insufficiently prepared. 35-52% of the students said that they would also like to receive instruction in intraligamentary anaesthesia in the dental curriculum. Other changes in the curriculum were also frequently suggested, especially the introduction of preclinical training models (29%, 55% and 56% for Groningen, Nijmegen and Amsterdam respectively).