Resveratrol is a natural phytoestrogen produced by plants to protect themselves from injury, UV irradiation, and fungal attack. The main active structure is E‐resveratrol, which has many pharmacological activities. As the structure of resveratrol is similar to the natural estrogen 17β‐estradiol and the synthetic estrogen E‐diethylstilbestrol, resveratrol is used in reducing the incidence of breast cancer. However, the therapeutic application of resveratrol is limited due to its low bioavailability. To improve its bioavailability and pharmacological activity, some resveratrol derivatives have been designed and synthesized by substitutions of methoxy, hydroxyl, and other functional groups or heterocyclic esterification either on the “A” or “B” ring, and double bonds were replaced by imine bonds and isometric heterocycles such as naphthyl and imidazole, or synthetic resveratrol oligomers. The structures, synthetic routes, and evaluation of the biological activities of these compounds are discussed. These are aimed at providing some references for the study of resveratrol derivatives in anti‐breast cancer treatment.
A major lesson learned from the public health response to the 2009 H1N1 pandemic was the need to shorten the vaccine delivery timeline to achieve the best pandemic mitigation results. A gap analysis of previous pre‐pandemic vaccine development activities identified possible changes in the Select Agent exclusion process that would maintain safety and shorten the timeline to develop candidate vaccine viruses (CVVs) for use in pandemic vaccine manufacture. Here, we review the biosafety characteristics of CVVs developed in the past 15 years to support a shortened preparedness timeline for A(H5) and A(H7) subtype highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) CVVs. Extensive biosafety experimental evidence supported recent changes in the implementation of Select Agent regulations that eliminated the mandatory chicken pathotype testing requirements and expedited distribution of CVVs to shorten pre‐pandemic and pandemic vaccine manufacturing by up to 3 weeks.
The carbonylative Sonogashira coupling reaction of aromatic bromide with terminal alkynes has been developed with N‐formylsaccharin as a CO source. The reaction, which has certain advantages in cost and safety of raw materials, is carried out in a simple and safe one‐pot method. A variety of alkynones with good functional group compatibility can be obtained in medium to high yields.
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