Current aqueous Zn batteries (ZBs) seriously suffer from dendrite issues caused by rough electrode surfaces. Despite significant efforts in prolonging lifespan of these batteries, little effort has been devoted to dendrite elimination in commercial‐grade cathode loading mass. Instead, demonstrations have only been done at the laboratory level (≤2 mg cm−2). Additionally, new dilemmas regarding change of the proton‐storage behavior and interface pulverization have emerged in turn. Herein, hydrogen‐substituted graphdiyne (HsGDY), with sub‐ångström level ion tunnels and robust chemical stability, is designed as an artificial interface layer to address these issues. This strategy prolongs the symmetric cell lifespan to >2400 h (100 days), which is 37 times larger than without protection (63 h). The simulation of dual fields reveals that HsGDY can redistribute the Zn2+ concentration field by spatially forcing Zn2+ to deviate from the irregular electric field. During practical use, the as‐assembled full batteries deliver a long lifespan 50 000 cycles and remain stable even at a commercial‐grade cathode loading mass of up to 22.95 mg cm−2. This HsGDY‐protection methodology represents great progress in Zn dendrite protection and demonstrates enormous potential in metal batteries.

Periodontitis is a common chronic inflammatory disease that affects tooth-supporting tissues. We engineer a multifunctional periodontal membrane for the guided tissue regeneration of lost periodontal tissues. The major drawback of current periodontal membranes is the lack of tissue regeneration properties. Here, a series of nanofibrous membranes based on poly­(ε-caprolactone) with tunable biochemical and biophysical properties were developed for periodontal tissue regeneration. The engineered membranes were surface coated using biomimetic polydopamine to promote the adhesion of therapeutic proteins and cells. We demonstrate successful cellular localization on the surface of the engineered membrane by morphological patterning. Polydopamine accelerates osteogenic differentiation of dental-derived stem cells by promoting hydroxyapatite mineralization. Such multiscale designs can mimic the complex extracellular environment of periodontal tissue and serve as functional tissue constructs for periodontal regeneration. In a periodontal defect model in rats, our engineered periodontal membrane successfully promoted the regeneration of periodontal tissue and bone repair. Altogether, our data demonstrate that our biomimetic membranes have potential as protein/cell delivery platforms for periodontal tissue engineering.

Research on two-dimensional (2D) materials has been explosively increasing in last seventeen years in varying subjects including condensed matter physics, electronic engineering, materials science, and chemistry since the mechanical exfoliation of graphene in 2004. Starting from graphene, 2D materials now have become a big family with numerous members and diverse categories. The unique structural features and physicochemical properties of 2D materials make them one class of the most appealing candidates for a wide range of potential applications.In particular, we have seen some major breakthroughs made in the field of 2D materials in last five years not only in developing novel synthetic methods and exploring new structures/properties but also in identifying innovative applications and pushing forward commercialisation. In this review, we provide a critical summary on the recent progress made in the field of 2D materials with a particular focus on last five years. After a brief background 物理化学学报 Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin. 2021, 37 (12), 2108017 (3 of 151) introduction, we first discuss the major synthetic methods for 2D materials, including the mechanical exfoliation, liquid exfoliation, vapor phase deposition, and wet-chemical synthesis as well as phase engineering of 2D materials belonging to the field of phase engineering of nanomaterials (PEN). We then introduce the superconducting/optical/magnetic properties and chirality of 2D materials along with newly emerging magic angle 2D superlattices. Following that, the promising applications of 2D materials in electronics, optoelectronics, catalysis, energy storage, solar cells, biomedicine, sensors, environments, etc. are described sequentially. Thereafter, we present the theoretic calculations and simulations of 2D materials. Finally, after concluding the current progress, we provide some personal discussions on the existing challenges and future outlooks in this rapidly developing field.

A mathematical model has been developed to study heat transfer and thermal management of lithium polymer batteries. Temperature dependent parameters including the diffusion coefficient of lithium ions, ionic conductivity of lithium ions, transference number of lithium ions, etc., have been added to a previously developed electrochemical model to more completely characterize the thermal behavior of the lithium polymer system. In addition, experimental studies of the discharge behavior and heat generation rate of lithium polymer cells have been conducted. Comparisons between experimental and mathematical results are presented. Finally different thermal management approaches are discussed. © 2000 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.