Interaction is a reciprocal relationship between the subject of the actor and who responds. This study aims to determine the background of the form of interaction as the actualization of religious teachings between adherents of Islam and Christian Adventist. And to know its relevance to the understanding of the doctrine of religion that developed in the community. This research uses qualitative descriptive comparative method, while to obtain files, done using obeservation technique, interview and questionnaire. Based on the data obtained in this study, the background of the occurrence of a pattern of less harmonious interaction or simply said to be very minimal interaction on some Muslim society is due to the concerns of Christianization. The reason for avoiding various forms of interaction with non-Muslims conducted the community. In the larger group of adherents of Islam, engaging in social relations with Adventists does not become a problem for those relationships within the social sphere is a form of action that practices the teachings of scripture. Likewise in Christian Advent, for them to do social interaction that leads to unity and within the social sphere is an action in believing the Bible in everyday life. From that there are some activities that are built as structural villagers such as gotong royong, patrolling, work meetings, and social activities. Social activity is one activity that dominates the number of an interaction occurs between adherents of Islam and Christian Advent. Frequent social activities are free health services organized by Adventist Christians and used by Muslims.
Traumatic brain injury is a significant cause of mortality in young adults and disability in all age groups. This is followed by secondary injury involving various processes, such as oxidative stress which induce neuronal apoptosis. The present study aimed to analyze the active compounds of Citrus sinensis and predict its antioxidative activity in traumatic brain injury. Liquid chromatography/high resolution mass spectrometry (LC/HRMS) was used to identify compounds in the ethanol extract of Citrus sinensis peel. We analyzed pharmacokinetics, blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability and the toxicity of active compounds in Citrus sinensis peel using SwissADME and OSIRIS. The compounds with a good BBB permeability were subjected to molecular docking analysis to identify the molecular interaction with Kelch-like ECH associated protein 1 (Keap1) and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) proteins using PyRx, PyMol and Discovery Studio software. The results of the LC/HRMS analysis revealed 16 active compounds contained in the ethanol extract of the orange peel. Nootkatone, alminoprofen, linoleic acid, chanoclavine, scoparone and tangeretin were predicted to pass the BBB. The active compounds of Citrus sinensis strongly bound against Keap1 and NMDA, particularly scoparone and nootkatone. The strong binding affinity of scoparone-Keap1 was -5.0, more than that of the control ligand, and that of nootkatone-NMDA was -7.8, similar to the control ligand. The active compounds of Citrus sinensis peel exhibited inhibitory potential, good pharmacokinetics and toxicity profiles against Keap1 and NMDA. On the whole, these findings suggest that ethanol extract of Citrus sinensis peel has potential for use as an oxidative stress inhibitor in the treatment of brain injury.
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