The scope of this paper is to describe the work of manual sugarcane harvesters, assessing the nutritional behavior and body composition between the beginning and the end of the harvest. A descriptive longitudinal study was made of harvesters in Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil, who answered a socio-demographic questionnaire and authorized measurement of Body Mass Index, Body Fat Percentage and Arm Muscle Circumference at three stages. Creatine kinase on the skeletal isoform, C-reactive protein and plasma urea were measured at the end of the harvest. Thirty male migrant harvesters with ages ranging from 18 to 44 from the Northeast (Ceará) were assessed over a nine-month period. The workers suffered significant body fat and weight loss in the first half of the harvest. Eighteen workers had abnormal levels of creatine kinase and four - out of 24 who had donated blood - had altered urea levels. Sugarcane harvesting work causes weight and body fat loss and gains in the lean body mass index, which suffers wear-out when working on consecutive harvests. It can also cause changes in biochemical markers of chronic systemic inflammation. Further studies will make it possible to comprehend the relationships between stress, wear-out, labor longevity and health in sugarcane harvesting.

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a percepção dos gestores quanto à atenção nutricional ao pré-natal e ao puerpério na rede básica de município da Baixada Santista, São Paulo, segundo estrutura e processo. Métodos: Realizou-se censo das 28 unidades básicas da área insular por meio de entrevistas com gestores. Avaliou-se a atenção nutricional segundo infraestrutura, processo de trabalho e vigilância alimentar e nutricional. Resultados: A inserção do nutricionista foi o principal componente insuficiente da dimensão estrutura, interferindo negativamente na atenção nutricional para 60% dos gestores. Encontrou-se baixa conformidade para as seguintes variáveis da dimensão processo: cálculo do índice de massa corporal (35%), acompanhamento do estado nutricional na curva índice de massa corporal/semana gestacional (46%) e realização de aconselhamento nutricional individualizado no pré-natal (14%). Conclusão: A atenção nutricional pré-natal e puerperal é insatisfatória para alcançar a integralidade do cuidado. Faz-se necessário sensibilizar gestores locais e capacitar equipes de saúde para assegurar a efetividade de tais ações em Santos.

Objective: To describe the working conditions and aspects related with food consumption amongst manual workers in sugar-cane crops intending to contribute to developing public policies towards workers' health surveillance and delivering comprehensive services. Methods: Direct observation at the work field in upstate São Paulo and a semistructured questionnaire were conducted with a group of forty sugar-cane migrant workers who came from Ceará state to work as hand harvesters in São Paulo state, over 15 days during the 2007/2008 crop season. Socio-demographic data, water consumption, food consumption and cultural habits, hydroelectrolyte reposition, work pauses, body pains and duration of working days were registered. Results: Workers ingested 5 to 10 liters of water/day and the dilution of electrolytes replacement was below the adequate recommendations. Food consumptions during the crop season did not ensure food and nutritional security. Food consumption was monotonous, conserved and consumed at inadequate temperature, and incompatible with cultural habits, implying reduction and wastage of food. Workers reported pains and cramps during the work day. Pauses for resting were insufficient. Payment by results, the working process and payment practices were taken as determinants of a wide range of precarious conditions to which these workers were subjected. The hand harvesting of sugar-cane is extenuating and the payment by results may be a grievance for health as it implies reducing the work resting pauses. Food consumption and adequate hydration could minimize the working wear and pains during the job. ResumoObjetivo: Descrever as condições de trabalho e aspectos relacionados à alimentação do trabalhador no corte manual de cana para contribuir para desenvolver políticas públicas de vigilância e atenção integral em Saúde do Trabalhador. Métodos: Foram utilizados a observação direta do trabalho no campo em colheita no estado de São Paulo e aplicado questionário semi-estruturado a um grupo de 40 cortadores manuais de cana migrantes procedentes do estado do Ceará, durante 15 dias da safra 2007/2008. Aspectos sócio-demográficos, consumo de água, reposição eletrolítica, alimentação e aspectos culturais, pausas, dores e a jornada de trabalho foram registrados. Resultados: Os trabalhadores ingerem de 5 a 10 litros de água/ dia e a diluição dos repositores eletrolíticos foi inferior à adequada. A alimentação durante a safra não garantia a segurança alimentar e nutricional. A alimentação foi monótona, conservada e consumida em temperatura inadequada, e incompatível com os hábitos culturais, gerando desperdício e redução do consumo alimentar. Os trabalhadores relataram dores e câimbras no decorrer da jornada. As pausas para descanso foram insuficientes. O pagamento pela quantidade de produção, o processo de trabalho e as práticas de pagamento foram considerados determinantes da situação de precariedade ampla a que estes trabalhadores estavam submetidos. O trabalho no corte manual de cana é extenuante e o pagamento ...

Objective: Describe and evaluate the nutritional care provided for overweight adults by the Primary and Secondary Health Care services of Santos, São Paulo, Brazil. Methods: This study was carried out between 2013 and 2015 integrating quantitative and qualitative approaches; it was divided into two phases: (1) characterization and (2) evaluation. In phase 1, a census of Primary Health Care Units (n=28) and Secondary Health Care Units (n=4) was conducted using interviews with health service managers and/or health professionals. Data were analyzed using exploratory data analysis. In phase 2, in-depth interviews were conducted with health service managers and/or health professionals investigating a sample of the Primary Health Care services and the totality of Secondary Health Care services provided. Thematic analysis was carried out using the theoretical framework for comprehensive health care proposed by Pinheiro & Mattos. Results: A total of 40 professionals were interviewed: 36 in the primary health care services and 4 in the secondary health care services. Nutritional care in the Primary Care services is focused on individual care and referrals to other services; nutrition diagnosis and health promotion occur only when overweight is associated with another disease. It was observed that the referral and counter-referral system and intersectorial collaborations were ineffective. In Secondary Care services, nutritional care is focused on clinical care using traditional approaches to nutrition education. Limiting factors for promoting comprehensive care were identified at the two levels of care: unproductive actions, lack of actions for health promotion and protection, and little dialogue between the Primary and Secondary care services. Conclusion: Overweight is not an outcome based on Primary and Secondary Care, but rather on prescriptive practices, which are not very effective in promoting users’ autonomy. It is necessary to guide the actions taken in these two levels of care to ensure the promotion of effective nutritional care.

OBJECTIVE:To assess spatial distribution of risks for work-related injuries controlled for nutritional variables and other covariables. METHODS:Hospital-based spatial case-control study with work-related injuries spatial distribution as the main variable of interest. A total of 794 workers were selected between May and October 2004. Inclusion criteria for cases (N=263) were: worker with work-related injury; living in Piracicaba (Southeastern Brazil); age between 15 and 60 years old; and cared at an orthopedics and trauma center. Controls (N=531) met the same criteria for age and residence, but had non-work-related injuries and workers accompanying cases were included as well. Spatial distribution was estimated by adjusting a generalized additive model with geographical coordinates of cases and controls as spatial non-linear component and the remaining covariables as linear components. RESULTS:The variation of estimated spatial risks for work-related injuries controlled for gender (OR=1.87, p<0.001), schooling (OR=0.85, p<0.0001), self-employed (OR=0.36, p<0.01), and waist circumference (OR=0.98, p=0.05) showed that the mideastern area and north-to-south "strip" have higher risk for injuries. CONCLUSIONS:The use of geoprocessing tools and nutritional variables can provide input for understanding the universe of risks for work-related injuries. Further investigation exploring these factors is needed.