<p>Can transnational corporations commit crimes against humanity and be investigated and prosecuted by the International Criminal Court (ICC)? This article intends to provide an answer to this question by analyzing the legal possibilities and obstacles that could be found in the application of the Rome Statute of the ICC. First, the article examines whether corporations could meet the requirements established by the recent jurisprudence of the ICC in order to be considered as the concept of “organization” stated in art. 7 of the Rome Statute (RS), complying with the political element of crimes against humanity, and being criminally responsible for these crimes in international law. Secondly, it addresses the extension of the jurisdiction ratione personae of the ICC to include the legal person, specifically corporations, taking into consideration the legal arguments emanating from international law, the ICC system and criminal law.</p><p><strong>Received</strong><span>: 03 February 2020</span><br /><strong>Accepted</strong><span>: 21 September 2020</span><br /><strong>Published online</strong>: Articles in Press 23 October 2020</p>
La criminalización de los graves daños contra el medio ambiente no es un problema nuevo para el derecho penal internacional (dpi). La Comisión de Derecho Internacional (cdi) resolvió esta cuestión tipificando ciertas conductas como crímenes de guerra. Sin embargo, en las últimas décadas, con motivo de la acelerada destrucción del medio ambiente como consecuencia de las actividades humanas y la amenaza que supone para la seguridad de la humanidad y del planeta, se ha intensificado el desarrollo de propuestas normativas para la tipificación del ecocidio como un crimen internacional. Este artículo pretende realizar un análisis de los trabajos de la cdi sobre los daños contra el medio ambiente como un crimen contra la paz y la seguridad de la humanidad, analizar las aportaciones doctrinales para la construcción del crimen internacional de ecodio cometido en tiempos de paz y, por último,analizar las dificultades técnicas que supone la definición del crimen de ecocidioen el dpi.
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