Common and rare species differ in their level of dispersal ability and habitat specialization, and thus should respond to distinct assembly rules. Rare species are much more spatially restricted and usually show higher habitat specialization, so they can be much more vulnerable to landscape changes than common species. We simulated three species-loss scenarios to assess how different groups of stream fish species respond to environmental and spatial variables and how potential extinctions affected regional functional richness and the average functional distinctiveness. Rare and common species contribute similarly to the global functional richness, but the loss of common species led to a marked decrease in local redundancy. Whilst intermediate and rare species are regulated by dispersal, dominant species respond to niche processes and are more affected by land-use changes. Therefore, common and rare species are under distinct assembly rules and may exhibit distinct responses in the face of environmental anthropization. Addressing rare species is often overlooked, despite constant claims regarding their importance and their frequently concerning conservation status. Accounting for their rarity can offer a more refined look at the responses of species to human modifications, providing valuable information on how to tackle biodiversity loss.Keywords Species loss Á Land-use changes Á Dispersal ability Á Environmental filtering Á Extinction Naraiana Loureiro Benone and Bruno Eleres Soares are sharing co-first authorship.

Resumo O presente trabalho discorre sobre o ensino de ciências e energias renováveis, com visão na sustentabilidade e na formação de sujeitos sociais, imbricados em meio ao contexto de relação homem-sociedade-natureza. Propõem-se a utilização de recursos didáticos em energia solar, com foco no forno e fogão solar. Gradua a importância da energia solar, nos contextos atuais, formas de distribuição (demanda) e elenca a utilização dos fornos e fogões (método de construção

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Brazil is facing setbacks in the public trust in scientists due to the political interests of some groups, poor scientific education, and distance between science institutions and society. Given the lack of training for undergraduate and graduate students to communicate science, we share our experience organizing a virtual space on Twitter where biodiversity scientists can engage in science communication, engaging with almost 8,000 followers. We argue that collaborative actions would help scientists engage in science communication activities.

Observations of skeletal malformations in fish in the wild are poorly documented and need to be investigated. Here we report the occurrence of body shortening in specimens of Plagioscion squamosissimus collected in the Volta Grande do Xingu, middle Xingu River region (Pará, Brazil), during a 12-month monitoring program (2021–2022). We observed morphological anomalies in nine individuals, of which two underwent radiographic analysis, recording the fusion and compression of vertebrae in different portions of the spine. The average percentage decrease in body length resulting from the deformity was 23.8%. This is the first record of malformation in this species.