Meningococcal infection in the form of sporadic cases or minor group outbreaks, mostly among children, is registered in all countries of the world. The disease has a wide range of clinical manifestations – from an asymptomatic bacterial carriage and acute nasopharyngitis to the rapid development of meningococcemia, acute meningococcal sepsis and meningitis. The article highlights and summarizes literature data related to the incidence of meningococcal infection, ways of infection, features of the clinical course of the disease in the newborn period, and modern views on the problem. A rare clinical case of the development of severe generalized forms of meningococcal infection in 3-month-old twins with a fatal outcome in one child is described. The decisive role in the development of the disease of twins is determined by the way and duration of children’s contact with their father, who has a bacteriologically confirmed (Neisseria meningitidis, biovar C) meningococcal nasopharyngitis. Early diagnosis and treatment of all forms of meningococcal infections are important to prevent the development of GMI. The key method of MI prevention is vaccination.

Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser syndrome (MRKH) is diagnosed in one in 4000-5000 newborn girls. This syndrome is characterized by the female phenotype, normal karyotype 46, XX, congenital absence of the vagina or its upper part, cervix and uterus. The etiology of MRKH syndrome is still unknown, probably due to its heterogeneity. The article highlights and summarizes the literature on the probable etiological factors of MRKH syndrome development, the possibility of the reproductive function realization of patients with Müllerian agenesis. A rare case of leiomyoma in patients with MRKH, possibilities and diffi culties of diagnosis are described in the article. It is shown that the presence of MRKH syndrome does not exclude the possibility of fi broids of diff erent localization.