The vanadium(V) complexes have been investigated as potential anticancer agents which makes it essential to evaluate their toxicity for safe use in the clinic. The large-scale synthesis and the acute oral toxicity in mice of the oxidovanadium(V) Schiff base catecholate complex, abbreviated as [VO(HSHED)dtb] containing a redox-active ligand with tridentate Schiff base (HSHED = N-(salicylideneaminato)-N’-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1,2-ethylenediamine) and dtb = 3,5-di-(t-butyl)catechol ligands were carried out. The body weight, food consumption, water intake as well biomarkers of liver and kidney toxicity of the [VO(HSHED)dtb] were compared to the precursors, sodium orthovanadate, and free ligand. The 10-fold scale-up synthesis of the oxidovanadium(V) complex resulting in the preparation of material in improved yield leading to 2–3 g (79%) material suitable for investigating the toxicity of vanadium complex. No evidence of toxicity was observed in animals when acutely exposed to a single dose of 300 mg/kg for 14 days. The toxicological results obtained with biochemical and hematological analyses did not show significant changes in kidney and liver parameters when compared with reference values. The low oral acute toxicity of the [VO(HSHED)dtb] is attributed to redox chemistry taking place under biological conditions combined with the hydrolytic stability of the oxidovanadium(V) complex. These results document the design of oxidovanadium(V) complexes that have low toxicity but still are antioxidant and anticancer agents.

APPLICATIONS, FERRIER REARRANGEMENT AND REACTIONS. In carbohydrate chemistry, the O-glycoside is an organic molecule in which sugar is bound to another functional group via a glycosidic bond. In the last few years, considerable progress has been made in the synthesis and applications of O-glycosides. Despite their challenging chemistry, due to their versatility, O-glycosides play a pivotal role the development of the chemistry of novel materials and bioactive molecules. This review summarizes recent developments, in the last twenty years, about the Ferrier rearrangement reaction involving synthesis, mechanistic proposal and application of 2,3-unsaturated O-glycosides.

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