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There is no difference in access flow rates in autogenous AVFs at the elbow with 1 or 2 efferent veins. Autogenous AVFs at the elbow on the radial artery have lower access flow rates than AVFs on the brachial artery.

The incorporation of B4GALT1 into T stage and Fuhrman grade would help to refine individual risk stratification. Furthermore, B4GALT1 expression was identified as an independent adverse prognostic factor for survival. A predictive nomogram was generated with identified independent prognositicators to assess patient overall survival at 5 and 10 years.CONCLUSIONS: Increased B4GALT1 expression is a potential independent adverse prognostic factor for overall survival in patients with localized ccRCC. Inhibting B4GALT1 pathway might be a promising target of postoperative adjuvant therapy for these ccRCC patients.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Current evidence strongly supports the use of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) pre-biopsy in men with a suspicion of prostate cancer (PCa) based on elevated PSA. Nevertheless, concerns remain about the negative predictive value of MRI and the potential to miss significant cancers when withholding patients with a negative mpMRI from undergoing prostate biopsies.The objective of this study is to evaluate the clinical outcomes of men with a negative mpMRI (nMRI) after at least 5-years follow-up at our institution.METHODS: We retrospectively analysed a database of 1741 patients that received an mpMRI-scan in our institution between 2006 -2013 with a negative MRI and a minimum of 5year follow-up after this MRI were included in our study. For analysis patients were divided in to two groups: biopsy-naïve patients (group A) and patients with previous negative biopsy (group B).Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed to determine 5year csPCa and any-grade PCa diagnosis-free survival probabilities in both groups. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of csPCa using the age, previous negative biopsies and PSA-density. A p-value of <0,05 was considered statistically significant. Both p-values were corrected for multiple testing using the Bonferroni method.RESULTS: Of all 297 men with nMRI 138 fitted the inclusion criteria. Of these patients 60 were biopsy naïve (group A) and 78 had previous negative biopsies (groups B). The overall prevalence of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCA) in patients with nMRI was 12% in our study.Any-grade PCa diagnosis-free survival probability at 60 months was 91% and 97% for group A and group B respectively (log rank p[0,08). The csPCa diagnosis-free survival at 60 months was 91% for group A and 99% for group B (log rank p < 0,001).Multivariate Cox regression showed that higher PSA-density (PSAD, ng/ml2) is an independent predictor of subsequent csPCa in men with nMRI (p < 0,05, HR 7,3). Previous negative biopsy predicts a lower risk of csPCa diagnosis probability in patients with negative MRI (p <0,05, HR 0,14).Study limitations include the small study population and its retrospective design.CONCLUSIONS: Our study showed that nMRI is a reliable tool to predict the absence of clinically significant PCA at 5 years, even more so in patients with previous negative biopsy. In patients without a previous biopsy and a high PSA-density, systematic biopsies should be considered, despite an nMRI.