Nowadays, the theoretical knowledge and computer skills of digital signal processing are increasing year by year, the mode of combining moving target detection industry and edge computing gradually occupies an important position in the research process of processing and pattern recognition in various application fields. For moving target detection and edge algorithm, this paper proposes a technical method based on Gaussian mixture background model and filtering, which combines moving target detection and edge calculation. This method changes the learning rate mechanism of the traditional weight in the background model updating, so that the background model can be continuously effective. Then the motion information and centroid position information of the detected moving target are taken as the initial input data of the filter, so that the filter can start tracking the target. Finally, by analyzing and understanding the development history of Chinese police sports, analyzing the current situation of police sports teaching and training in Chinese public security colleges, we find the problems existing in police sports teaching and training in public security colleges, and use target detection and edge algorithm. Carry out actual calculation in the police sports teaching app, adjust the curriculum objective system of police sports teaching, update the teaching content, reform the teaching methods, reposition the police sports teaching curriculum, build a high-quality teaching team, fully improve the theoretical system of police sports quality education in public security colleges, and cultivate a large number of compound and applied public security talents with strong comprehensive quality and ability.

Nowadays, the theoretical knowledge and computer skills of digital signal processing are increasing year by year, the mode of combining moving target detection industry and edge computing gradually occupies an important position in the research process of processing and pattern recognition in various application elds.For moving target detection and edge algorithm, this paper proposes a technical method based on Gaussian mixture background model and ltering, which combines moving target detection and edge calculation. This method changes the learning rate mechanism of the traditional weight in the background model updating, so that the background model can be continuously effective. Then the motion information and centroid position information of the detected moving target are taken as the initial input data of the lter, so that the lter can start tracking the target. Finally, by analyzing and understanding the development history of Chinese police sports, analyzing the current situation of police sports teaching and training in Chinese public security colleges, we nd the problems existing in police sports teaching and training in public security colleges, and use target detection and edge algorithm. Carry out actual calculation in the police sports teaching app, adjust the curriculum objective system of police sports teaching, update the teaching content, reform the teaching methods, reposition the police sports teaching curriculum, build a high-quality teaching team, fully improve the theoretical system of police sports quality education in public security colleges, and cultivate a large number of compound and applied public security talents with strong comprehensive quality and ability.