The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, which has led scientists all over the world to push for the identification of novel therapies for COVID-19. The lack of a vaccine and specific treatment has led to a surge of novel therapies and their publicity in recent times. Under these unprecedented circumstances, a myriad of drugs used for other diseases is being evaluated and repositioned to treat COVID-19 (example- Remdesivir, Baricitinib). While multiple trials for potential drugs and vaccines are ongoing, and there are many unproven remedies with little or no supporting evidence. Presently, discussions are revolving around the use of multivitamins (Vitamin, C, D, A), minerals (selenium, zinc), probiotics, flavonoids, polyphenols, and herbal remedies (curcumin, artemisinin, herbal drinks). Our review delves further into the details of some of these controversial therapies for COVID-19.

Background: Patients with coarctation of aorta (COA) have arterial stiffening, and this is associated with impaired cardiac reserve and hypertensive systolic blood pressure (SBP) response during exercise. However, whether patients with COA have concomitant left ventricular (LV) stiffening and the potential impact of combined ventricular-arterial stiffening on exercise hemodynamics are unknown. Methods: We studied 174 patients with repaired COA (aged 39 AE 11 years and male 103 [59%]) and 174 matched controls. Our study hypotheses are: (1) patients with COA have higher ventricular-arterial R ESUM E Contexte : La coarctation de l'aorte (CA) s'accompagne d'une rigidification des artères, qui est à son tour associ ee à une alt eration de la r eserve de force du coeur et à une augmentation de la pression art erielle systolique (PAS) à l'effort. On ne sait toutefois pas si la CA entraîne aussi une rigidification du ventricule gauche, et on ne connaît pas les r epercussions possibles d'une rigidification ventriculaire et art erielle sur les paramètres h emodynamiques à l'effort. M ethodologie : Nous avons etudi e 174 patients pr esentant une CA corrig ee (âge : 39 AE 11 ans; hommes : 103 [59 %]) et 174 t emoins CJC Open 3 (2021) 603e608

The gut microbiota regulates the function and health of the human gut. Preliminary evidence suggests its impact on multiple human systems including the nervous and immune systems. A major area of research has been the directional relationship between intestinal microbiota and the central nervous system (CNS), called the microbiota-gut-brain axis. It is hypothesized that the intestinal microbiota affects brain activity and behavior via endocrine, neural, and immune pathways. An alteration in the composition of the gut microbiome has been linked to a variety of neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders. The connection between gut microbiome and several CNS disorders indicates that the focus of research in the future should be on the bacterial and biochemical targets. Through this review, we outline the established knowledge regarding the gut microbiome and gut-brain axis. In addition to gut microbiome in neurological and psychiatry diseases, we have briefly discussed microbial metabolites affecting the blood-brain barrier (BBB), immune dysregulation, modification of autonomic sensorimotor connections, and hypothalamuspituitary-adrenal axis.

Osteochondroma, often referred to as exostosis, is the most common benign bone tumor characterized by a bony protuberance surrounded by a cartilaginous surface. Most osteochondromas are found on the metaphysis of long bones, with the dorsal aspect of the scapula being a rare site of occurrence for an exostosis. Radiographic imaging, preferably through MRI or CT, assists in the identification of benign growth; however, a definitive diagnosis requires a biopsy. Open surgical resection and arthroscopic excision are the definitive treatment modalities of the nidus. Postoperative care requires immobilization of the limb for two months, with at least four months being the appropriate timeline for complete recovery.