As an emerging environment functional material, biochar has become a research hotspot in environmental fields because of its excellent ecological and environmental benefits. Recently, biochar has been used as an innovative soil ameliorant in bioretention systems (BRS) to effectively enhance pollutants removal efficiency for BRS. This paper summarizes and evaluates the performance and involved mechanisms of biochar amendment in BRS with respect to the removal of nutrients (TN (34–47.55%) and PO43--P (47–99.8%)), heavy metals (25–100%), pathogenic microorganisms (Escherichia coli (30–98%)), and organic contaminants (77.2–100%). For biochar adsorption, the pseudo-second-order and Langmuir models are the most suitable kinetic and isothermal adsorption models, respectively. Furthermore, we analyzed and elucidated some factors that influence the pollutant removal performance of biochar-amended BRS, such as the types of biochar, the preparation process and physicochemical properties of biochar, the aging of biochar, the chemical modification of biochar, and the hydraulic loading, inflow concentration and drying-rewetting alternation of biochar-amended BRS. The high potential for recycling spent biochar in BRS as a soil ameliorant is proposed. Collectively, biochar can be used as an improved media in BRS. This review provides a foundation for biochar selection in biochar-amended BRS. Future research and practical applications of biochar-amended BRS should focus on the long-term stability of treatment performances under field conditions, chemical modification with co-impregnated nanomaterials in biochar surface, and the durability, aging, and possible negative effects of biochar.

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Based on the panel data of 41 major cities along the Yangtze River Economic Belt in China from 2004 to 2018, this paper uses the GMM estimation method to empirically analyze the impact of population urbanization and industrial structure changes in the Yangtze River Economic Belt on regional economic growth. The study found that the impact of population urbanization, advanced industrial structure and industrial structure rationalization on regional economic growth is significantly positive, but the impact of population urbanization and advanced industrial structure on regional economic growth is far greater than that of industrial structure rationalization.