Histological changes observed under light microscope illustrate follicular degeneration in ovary, vacuolation and mild disorganization of uterus on treatment with graded doses of alcohol seed extract of Caesalpinia bonducella. There was a significant decrease (p≤0.05) in duration of estrous cycle and mean ovarian weight. However, there were no uniform variations in mean uterine weight, serum estradiol and progesterone level. The results suggest that alcohol seed extract of C. bonducella has antiestrogenic property, possibly acting via inhibition of estrogen secretion.

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The effect of an ethanolic seed extract of Caesalpinia bonducella F., (Caesalpiniaceae) on the histoarchitecture of the some vital organs and clinical chemistry was evaluated in Wistar female albino rats. The study was divided into four groups. Group I received distilled water and served as vehicle treated control. Groups II, III and IV were orally administered 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg b.wt dose of seed extract respectively for 10 consecutive days and subsequently euthanized twenty four hours after the last dose. Histoarchitecture of the vital tissues in treated groups appeared normal. Hematological analysis showed a significant increase in RBC count, various types of WBCs, platelet count, hemoglobin levels and packed cell volume levels in all the seed extract treated groups. Serum biochemistry revealed significantly decreased cholesterol, triglycerides and creatinine levels whereas HDL level was found to be significantly increased in all the treated groups. Our results suggest that the ethanolic seed extract of C. bonducella probably possesses chemical constituents of cytoprotective potential and should be further explored as a source of natural medicine.

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Background:The abortifacient potential of ethanolic seed extract of Caesalpinia bonducella was assessed in the present study. Methods: Twenty-four pregnant Wistar albino rats were divided into two groups containing 12 animals in each group. Control group rats were orally administered with distilled water, while rats in the second group received 300 mg/kg b. wt of the seed extract from gestation day 12 to 18, once daily. Half of the rats from both the groups were sacrificed 24 h after the last dose on gestation day 20 and the remaining were allowed to go to full term to deliver vaginally. Results: A significant reduction in maternal final weight, number of implantation sites, average weight of pups, implantation index, number of live fetuses, placental weight, percentage survival of fetuses, progesterone level, as well as the contrasting significant increase in resorption index, post-implantation loss, number of dead fetuses, and percentage of abortions was recorded in the seed extract treated rats. Histology of the uteri exhibited increased myometrium thickness and decreased endometrium thickness with degenerated cubic epithelial cells, uterine glands and increased infiltration of white blood cells in seed extract treated group. The ovaries revealed shrunken and degenerated corpora lutea in extract treated rats. The placentas exhibited degeneration of the junctional zone and the labyrinth in the seed extract treated rats. Fetuses were noticed with deformities in extract treated group. Seed extract treated rats did not deliver any pups until the full term of gestation. Conclusions:The results obtained in this study suggest that the seeds of Caesalpinia bonducella possess abortifacient activity.