The properties of vermicompost, green compost, and their mixes as substitutes for peat were evaluated regarding their recommendation for potting media. The mixes with a maximum of 50% of vermicompost or green compost had acceptable air filled porosity (AFP) and easily available water (EAW). In the vermicompost the level of organic matter (OM), dry bulk density (DBD) and shrinkage were acceptable; however, the AFP and EAW together were not at the recommended level in the different batches; as a consequence, vermicompost should not be used alone for potting media. In the green compost, the level of OM was low which increased the DBD and consequently the AFP was diminished. The particle size distribution (PSD) was different among peat, vermicompost and green compost. The coarse peat had the lower proportion of particles from 0.25 to 2.00 mm (41%) whereas the green compost had the lower coarseness index (CI: percentage by weight of particles larger than 0.5 mm in diameter), 48.4%. The direct effect of the PSD, OM and DBD in the water and air availability was confirmed. Moreover, there were high correlations between the OM, DBD, shrinkage, pore volume and PSD with the water release curve. Those properties should be considered in order to increase the level of substitution of vermicompost in peat-based potting media.
La especie de albahaca Ocimum Selloi Benth ha sido empleada en México por sus propiedades medicinales y como condimento. Por otra parte, el uso de vermicomposta es una alternativa en la producción orgánica de las plantas medicinales; por lo tanto, esta investigación tuvo como objetivo evaluar el efecto de la vermicomposta en el crecimiento de albahaca. Como tratamientos se emplearon 4 sustratos: 1) vermicomposta de café (con base a pulpa proveniente del beneficio húmedo) más cascarilla de café 4:1, 2) Vermicomposta de café más tierra 1:1, 3) 100% vermicomposta de café, y 4) tierra. En cada tratamiento se emplearon 5 plantas como unidad experimental. Los contenedores fueron de 2 l de capacidad. Se evaluaron las variables altura de la planta, número de hojas, contenido de clorofila, número de inflorescencias, número de brotes, peso seco de hojas, densidad de área foliar, estado nutrimental de la hoja y extracción de N, P y K. Los resultados demostraron que la mayor retención de humedad (23%) de la tierra favoreció una mayor altura en la primera semana después del trasplante; sin embargo, al final de la floración el tratamiento de vermicomposta con tierra 1:1 incrementó significativamente el área foliar (36 cm2), número de hojas (24 por planta), peso seco de hoja (97 mg) y extracción de nitrógeno (2 mg por hoja) comparada con el sustrato tierra, pero similar al sustrato vermicomposta cascarilla de café 4:1. Aunque no hubo diferencias significativas entre los tratamientos con vermicomposta.
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