Over the last ten years, Oosterhof and Todorov's valence-dominance model has emerged as the most prominent account of how people evaluate faces on social dimensions. In this model, two dimensions (valence and dominance) underpin social judgments of faces. Because this model has primarily been developed and tested in Western regions, it is unclear whether these findings apply to other regions. We addressed this question by replicating Oosterhof and Todorov's methodology across 11 world regions, 41 countries, and 11,570 participants. When we used Oosterhof and Todorov's original analysis strategy, the valence-dominance model generalized across regions. When we used an alternative methodology to allow for correlated dimensions we observed much less generalization. Collectively, these results suggest that, while the valence-dominance model generalizes very well across regions when dimensions are forced to be orthogonal, regional differences are revealed when we use different extraction methods, correlate and rotate the dimension reduction solution.

This paper's objective was to analyze the role of transaction costs in the longevity of Jaú footwear supply chain. Firms are configured in a cluster, and their level of coordination was investigated. The study data was collected via conducting interviews with the cluster's agents, making direct observations during the field visits, and consulting secondary data emerging both from document analysis and from sources such as newspapers, sectoral studies, and previous academic studies. The data point to the intense frequency of transactions among firms and the low uncertainty of internal transactions within the cluster due to the extensive exchange of information among agents. The bonds of competition and coordination that are established among the firms both reduce transaction costs and make them more competitive. Both human asset specificity and site specificity are important factors in the longevity of Jaú's footwear cluster.

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