BACKGROUND: For almost three decades, heavy metal pollution has been studied and several treatment techniques have been proposed. Nevertheless, this contamination in wastewater is still a severe problem. In our study, Cd (II), Pb (II) and Al (III) metal ions removal was evaluated, using a chitosan-TiO 2 -polyurethane based composite. Composite synthesis variations in composition and temperature were studied; morphology characterization was conducted by SEM, EDS-STEM and X-ray micro-CT. Wastewater samples in different pH solutions, and in static and dynamic systems were analyzed by ICP-MS. Also, the photo-degradation of azo dyes in these systems was studied by UV-vis spectrophotometry. A dynamic removal system was built as possible water treatment plant prototype.
<span>Los productos forestales no maderables tienen valor intrínseco, alto valor ecológico, cultural y científico. Las plantas tintóreas se encuentran entre estos recursos cuyo conocimiento y uso en Córdoba se concentra en las comunidades rurales de pequeños productores ganaderos del noroeste y norte provincial. En este trabajo el objetivo es dar a conocer el uso histórico y actual de especies tintóreas y las prácticas de reproducción social asociadas que permitan rescatar y revalorizar saberes ambientales del norte cordobés, en particular, en el Paraje El Desmonte, Reserva Cultural-Natural Cerro Colorado. Se indagó acerca de los saberes locales para la obtención y uso de los tintes naturales del área de estudio y se comparó las especies tintóreas presentes en bosque nativo y las utilizadas en el paraje. Los datos fueron obtenidos mediante la implementación de herramientas etnobiológicas. Se registraron 24 especies tintóreas potenciales en la zona, con registros de uso histórico en otros sitios del noroeste cordobés. En el área de estudio se utilizan actualmente 7 de ellas. Se evidenció que los bosques siguen siendo un importante proveedor de estos productos y el uso de plantas tintóreas aunado a las técnicas de obtención de los tintes es una práctica vigente y aprendida de manera intergeneracional</span>
ResumenLas comunidades de micromamíferos en las Sierras Chicas, Córdoba, Argentina se estudiaron en cuanto a su composición, abundancia relativa, diversidad y relación con la estructura del hábitat según la cobertura vegetal, en el pastizal de altura y el bosque serrano de la Reserva La Quebrada. Se muestreó mediante cuadrículas de 30 trampas, durante tres noches consecutivas por estación, desde primavera de 1991 a invierno de 1993. Se capturaron 216 ejemplares correspondientes a siete especies de la familia Muridae y dos de la familia Didelphidae. La reserva es zoogeográficamente representativa de la mastofauna serrana y tiene composición particular respecto de otras localidades provinciales. La composición específica fue diferente entre ambos ambientes. El pastizal de altura fue el hábitat más favorable para la comunidad de micromamíferos; de seis especies A. azarae, N. benefactus y M. dimidiata presentaron mayor contribución. En el bosque P. xanthopygus concentró el 85% de las capturas. La abundancia relativa y la diversidad específica fueron más altas en el pastizal. Múridos aumentaron en otoño-invierno y Didélfidos en verano-otoño. En el uso del hábitat se destacó el estrato de cobertura gramíneo-herbácea del pastizal entre 0.11 y 0.40 metros, como predictor de la abundancia de micromamíferos. Palabras clave: Comunidades, Didelphidae, Muridae, Bosque serrano, Pastizal de altura, Sierras Chicas, Córdoba, Argentina. AbstractComposition, relative abundance, species diversity and relation with habitat structure of small mammal communities of the Sierras Chicas were studied in the grassland and forest vegetation layers of La Quebrada Reserve, Córdoba, Argentina. Traps were set in two 30 spot grids for three consecutive nights, seasonally from spring 1991 to winter 1993. Seven species of Muridae were captured: Akodon azarae, A. dolores, Calomys musculinus, C. venustus, Necromys benefactus, Phyllotys xanthopygus and Oxymycterus rufus, and two species of Didelphidae: Monodelphis dimidiata and Thylamys elegans. The reserve is zoogeographically representative of the Sierras' mammalian fauna, and it has a particular composition in respect of other provincial localities. Six species were caught in the grassland, with major contribution of Akodon azarae, Necromys benefactus. y Monodelphis dimidiata. P. xanthopygus was the most abundant species in the forest. Small mammal communities composition was different in both habitats (Czekanowki I. = 0.009). Relative abundance and specific diversity were higher in grassland. Murids augmented in autumnwinter and Didelphids in summer-autumn. Habitat use related to vegetation cover analysis revealed forbs and grasses' (between 0.11 and 0.40 m high) as the most important vegetation layer to predict small mammals abundance (R²= 0.74; P< 0.04).
The monitoring and diagnostics of Industrial systems is increasing in complexity with larger volume of data collected and with many methods and analytics able to correlate data and events. The setup and training of these methods and analytics are one of the impacting factors in the selection of the most appropriate solution to provide an efficient and effective service, that requires the selection of the most suitable data set for training of models with consequent need of time and knowledge. The study and the related experiences proposed in this paper describe a methodology for tracking features, detecting outliers and derive, in a probabilistic way, diagnostic thresholds to be applied by means of hierarchical models that simplify or remove the selection of the proper training dataset by a subject matter expert at any deployment. This method applies to Industrial systems employing a large number of similar machines connected to a remote data center, with the purpose to alert one or more operators when a feature exceeds the healthy distribution. Some relevant use cases are presented for an aeroderivative gas turbine covering also its auxiliary equipment, with deep dive on the hydraulic starting system. The results, in terms of early anomaly detection and reduced model training effort, are compared with traditional monitoring approaches like fixed threshold. Moreover, this study explains the advantages of this probabilistic approach in a business application like the fleet monitoring and diagnostic advanced services.
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