Systemic candidiasis currently occupies one of the first places in medical mycology and infectious diseases. Whereas Candida albicans had previously been the dominant pathogen, this species now accounts for only half of the isolates detected in many surveys. The distinction between them is made taking into account their biological properties, manifested in the mycological analysis. Infections by Candida sp. have increased dramatically in recent decades. The development of new invasive techniques increases the risk in immunocompromised patients. The objective of this review is to present general aspects of systemic candidiasis.