Procrastination, the act of postponing and delaying needlessly, is a pervasive problem affecting the personal productivity of significant numbers of university students. Estimates vary from a high of 95% (Ellis & Knaus, 2002) to a low of 10% (Hill, Hill, Chabot, & Barrall, 1978). This pattern of avoidance affects male and female students equally and increases throughout their undergraduate years (McCown, Johnson, & Petzel, 1989). In fact, many university students assume that because procrastination is such a common practice, it is simply something with whichthey must live. The typical outcomes of procrastination are lower grades (Rothblum, Solomon, & Murakami, 1986), course withdrawals (Welsley, 1994), stress (Blunt &Pychyl, 2000), increased health risks (Baumeister, 1997), and interpersonal conflict (Day, Mensink, & O'Sullivan, 2000). In one study, 52% of students reported that procrastination had become a serious problem for which they had sought help (Gallagher, 1992). For 20% to 30% of university students, procrastination is a serious problem adversely affecting academic achievement and quality of life (McCown, 1986; Solomon & Rothblum, 1984). Developmentally, the incidence of procrastination increases significantly during the four years of 75