Institute for Management and Business Research (IMBRe) is pleased to put forward this book which contains a compilation of business management case studies.The cases in this book are meant for teaching and learning purposes which could be used for both the undergraduate and postgraduate levels.In specific, the first case about Lang Buana Museums requires students to apply their knowledge of how to manage an entity in public sector with respect to its accountability, financial management and accounting to address the Museums problems in trying to improve the operation and financial conditions of the Museums. The second case about Regular Care insurance and Critical Care insurance requires students to apply their knowledge of insurance management and also financial management about time value of money (TVM) concept in making purchase decisions for different needs of medical care and for different premium payment terms.The third case about BFN Bank Berhad requires students to apply their knowledge of bank management with respect to commercial banks operations and its lending activities to come up with turnaround strategies in reducing the banks non-performing loans (NPLs) to enable the bank to generate high return. The fourth case about Langkawi Buffalo Park requires students to apply their knowledge of how to manage a farm to improve its performance with respect to management, marketing and finance by conducting SWOT analysis and re-establishing the length of time expected to break even.The fifth case about a small family business requires students to apply their knowledge of strategic management by performing SWOT analysis, explaining how business creates values under cost-leadership strategy, discussing the disadvantages of resource-based model and identifying exit barriers. The sixth and last case about Knots Group Café requires students to apply their knowledge of human resource management with regard to the recruitment, development (talent management) and retention of employees for business sustainability.

The aim of this study is to examine the determinants of firm value for listed banks in Pakistan. This study is based on secondary data extracted from the annual reports of listed banks in Pakistan with quarterly data comprising 512 sample observations from 2015 to 2021. Panel data estimation techniques were employed for the analysis. The findings of the study revealed that all determinants influence firm value except liquid assets to total assets (LATA). The stock price of listed banks in Pakistan is continuously falling, which causes the stock's value to change from being overpriced to being undervalued. Nonperforming loans (NPLs) and the cost-to-income ratio (CIR) reduce firm value, while increases in the net interest margin (NIM) and capital adequacy ratio (CAR) enhance firm value. Further, NPLs and the CIR have a negative relationship with firm value. However, CAR, LATA, and NIM have positive associations with the firm value. The study concluded that the average capital adequacy ratio of listed banks in Pakistan is 10.5%, which is higher than the minimum requirement set by the regulator. This indicates that CAR helps to increase firm value in listed banks in Pakistan. The study will be useful to policymakers, regulators, and the banking sector in evaluating the major determinants that affect firm value.

The global financial crisis increased corporate world uncertainties. Therefore, to meet these challenges, firms take a more proactive approach to tackling various corporate governance and firm value initiatives and policies. This study aims to explore the moderating effect of capital adequacy on the relationship between board characteristics and the firm value of listed banks in Pakistan. To obtain a more robust empirical model and results, this study incorporates moderator and control variables. This study is based on half-yearly secondary data of 560 sample observations from 2009 to 2021. Multiple regression and panel data estimation techniques were employed for the analysis. The study used firm value as a dependent variable, proxied by Tobin’s Q, along with five independent variables, one moderating variable, and two control variables. The results of this study indicate that a higher capital adequacy ratio (CAR) increases firm value and has a moderating effect on board characteristics and firm value. Low proportions of women and independent directors on board affect firm value. The presence of risk management and audit committees in listed Pakistani banks, on the other hand, increases firm value. The banks in Pakistan have no problem with CEO duality. The study also found that bank size has a positive relationship with firm value, while bank age has a negative relationship with firm value.

The study of firm value and financial risks became more important after the global financial crisis of 2007–2008, as the required risk was mismanaged, resulting in a deterioration in firm value. It is important to study the relationship between financial risks and firm value. This study aims to examine the moderating effect of capital adequacy on the relationship between financial risks and the firm value of listed banks in Pakistan. This study is based on half-yearly secondary data of 560 sample observations from 2009 to 2021. Multiple regression and panel data estimation techniques were employed for the analysis. The study used firm value as a dependent variable, proxied by Tobin’s Q, along with five independent variables and one moderating variable. The results of this study indicate that a higher capital adequacy ratio (CAR) increases firm value and has a moderating effect on financial risks and firm value. Nonperforming loans, net interest margin, and cost income ratio are found to have a significant negative relationship with firm value. The study concludes that the stock prices of listed banks in Pakistan are declining persistently, which causes the stock’s worth to shift from being inflated to being undervalued.

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