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This paper investigates the impact of COVID-19 cycling infrastructure on Toronto's low-stress cycling accessibility. We calculated the level of traffic stress (LTS) for the road network with and without the cycling infrastructure built in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. We then computed the accessibility to populations, jobs, food stores, and parks for each dissemination area at each LTS. We find that the COVID-19 cycling infrastructure increased low-stress population and job accessibility by 10.4% and 22.3% respectively, and granted food and park access to 54,023 and 3,178 people. Accessibility gains were largest in areas where new infrastructure linked with preexisting networks.

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Water resources are the most valuable natural resources for human's survival and development, and the strategic resources of the national economic and social development. Reasonable utilization and allocation of water resources are the fundamental guarantee for the sustainable development strategy in China. So this paper first forecasts the demand of water for each region, then establishes a multi-objective optimization model of water resources and investigates quantitative methods for the social, economic and environment objectives. According to the specific circumstances of each region, we optimally allocate the water resources in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei.