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SYNOPSISIn this paper, hydrophilic microporous cellulose nitrate membranes have been surfacemodified by plasma polymerization of octafluorocyclobutane (OFCB) . The microporous composite membranes with a hydrophilic layer sandwiched between two hydrophobic layers have been obtained. The obtained composite membranes have been used in a membrane distillation ( MD) process and have exhibited good performance. The effects of polymerization conditions, such as glow-discharge power and deposition time, on the structures and MD performances of the obtained composite membranes have been investigated by SEM, X-ray microscopical analysis, and XPS. The polymerization conditions should be as mild as possible in order to prepare the hydrophobic composite membrane with good MD performance. The typical MD behaviors of the obtained hydrophobic composite membranes are in agreement with that of hydrophobic membranes directly prepared from hydrophobic polymeric materials, like PVDF, PTFE, or PP.

Shear-induced orientation of liquid crystalline hydroxypropylcellulose solution with reactants is frozen by subsequent polymerization and gelation process, resulting in monodomain hydrogel with anisotropic optical, swelling, and mechanical properties.

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