Recent research has been significantly increased our fundamental understanding of microwave interactions with materials. Thermal absorption has been demonstrated to result from simultaneous action of multiple dissipation mechanisms during processing. In addition, it has been conclusively established that strong microwave fields exert a non-thermal driving force during sintering. This force acts as an additional driving force for atomic transport. For strong electric fields, the force can enhance diffusion rates during ceramic sintering. This paper describes recent research on microwave sintering of two oxide ceramics, a silica xerogel ceramic produced from rice husk ash (RHA) and a high purity alpha alumina. A millimeter waves (MMW) heating system with a 28 GHz gyrotron is applied for microwave sintering experiment. The ceramics were also sintered by using an electric furnace where served as comparison. Effect of microwave energy on the porosity reduction of the ceramics was investigated. Some possible physical mechanisms were discussed.
In this feasibility study a novel prospective electrode material for electric double layer capacitors (EDLC) has
been investigated. This promising material is activated carbon (AC) film produced using sago waste as a precursor.
Important parameters of the technological process are the KOH to charcoal ratio and the content of the
polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) binder. The influence of these parameters on the microtexture and pore structure and on
the electrochemical characteristics of the AC films has been studied in detail. The measured specific surface area (SSA) of
the samples is in the range from 212 to 1498 m2/g. It has been found that the presence of micropores increases the specific
capacity while the presence of the mesopores acts in the opposite direction, because these mesopores are too wide in
diameter for aqueous electrolyte. The specific capacitance of the studied samples has been found to be in the range from
16 to 64 F/g.
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