ResumenLa fiebre tifoidea es una infección sistémica causada por Salmonella entérica serotipo tiphy a través de la ingesta de alimentos contaminados (fecal-oral). Es un problema de salud pública, especialmente en países en vías de desarrollo, debido a su alta prevalencia, relacionada con deficiencias sanitarias. En pacientes con fiebre tifoidea, la hepatitis se presenta en 1% a 26% de los pacientes y se debe sospechar cuando coexisten ictericia, fiebre y hepatitis. No obstante ser difícil de distinguir de las hepatitis por virus hepatotrópicos, la clave para el diagnóstico es que, en estas infecciones virales, la fiebre desaparece cuando el paciente presenta ictericia. El diagnóstico final de la entidad necesita el aislamiento de la Salmonella a través de coprocultivos y hemocultivos, especialmente de la médula ósea, que es el sitio con mayor rendimiento para el diagnóstico. Palabras claveHepatitis, Salmonella, fiebre entérica. AbstractTyphoid fever is a systemic infection caused by Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi as the result of ingestion of contaminated food (fecal-oral). It is a public health problem, especially in developing countries where it is very prevalent and where it is related to poor sanitation. Hepatitis occurs in 1% to 26% of patients with typhoid, so typhoid fever should be suspected when jaundice, fever and hepatitis coexist. Nevertheless, it is difficult to distinguish it from hepatotropic hepatitis virus. The key to diagnosis is that fever disappears in these viral infections while the patient still has jaundice. Final diagnosis requires the isolation of salmonella through blood and/or cultures, but most importantly cultures of bone marrow which have the highest diagnostic yield.
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