Background: Aim of this study was to analyze the root canal configuration in mandibular central and lateral incisors in vivo using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging. Material and Methods: A total of 487 mandibular central incisors and 491 mandibular lateral incisors from 250 patients were examined using CBCT imaging, previously taken for diagnosis and treatment. The number of roots, root canal system configuration, presence of apical confluences, distance between confluences and radiographic root end, symmetry between left and right elements were recorded and statistically analyzed. Results: All the examined teeth presented only one root. No significant differences were found between the prevalence of two root canals in mandibular central incisors (219 teeth, 45%) compared to lateral incisors (211 teeth, 43%). Conclusions: The percentage of Vertucci type II configuration was higher than expected, being more frequent than type III. Type I was the prevalent, while other configurations were present but rare.

The aim of this research was to analyze the distance between radiographic pulp chamber and caries or obturations in vivo using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging in different projections. Materials and Methods:A total of 50 premolar and molar teeth from 50 patients were examined using CBCT imaging, previously taken for diagnosis and treatment. Slices in different projections were scanned and the distance between radiographic pulp chamber and caries or obturations was measured using a software's tool. Results:The distance in two-dimensional projection was significantly lower than in three-dimensional projection in all the examined teeth, showing a less distance from the pulp chamber and the caries or obturation. Conclusions:The distance between the caries and the pulp tissue of a tooth in a three-dimensional projection is less than in a twodimensional projection; for this reason, it would be better to pay attention to the proximity to the pulp chamber and it is recommended to consider a smaller distance than the one the two-dimensional radiograph showed.