We have carried out a first-order ether drift experiment over a period of 2 years. The signal to noise ratio of our first-order experiment is four orders of magnitude greater than that of the second-order experiments. The rotational velocity and the orbital velocity of Earth, and the galactic orbital velocity of the solar system with respect to the ether have been measured to be, respectively, 0.051, Ϫ0.19, and 0.30 km/s, with a statistical error of 0.94 km/s. These velocities are merely 14%, 0.6%, and 0.15% of the kinetic velocities of Earth and the Solar System with respect to the Milky Way. The results show that the ether drift velocity with respect to Earth is zero well within experimental uncertainty. Since this uncertainty is greater than the velocity due to Earth's rotation, the experimental error needs to be further reduced to establish the "null result" with respect to Earth's rotation beyond doubt. Our experiment is fundamentally different in principle from the traditional ether drift experiments based on the interference of light. In particular, our experiment is free of the fringe-running problems during the rotation of the interferometer and therefore contributes a truly independent experiment from the interference experiments.Résumé: Nous avons réalisé une expérience de la dérive d'éther de premier ordre sur une période de deux ans. Le rapport signal -bruit de notre expérience de premier ordre est de quatre ordres de magnitude plus grand que l'expérimentation de deuxième ordre. La vitesse de rotation et la vitesse orbitale de la Terre, et la vitesse orbitale galactique du système solaire par rapport à l'éther ont été mesurées à être, respectivement, 0.051, Ϫ0.19, and 0.30 km/s, avec une erreur statistique de 0.94 km/s. Ces vitesses sont simplement 14%, 0.6% et 0.15% des vitesses cinétiques de la Terre et du système solaire relativement à la Voie lactée. Les résultats montrent que la vitesse de la dérive d'éther par rapport à la Terre est zéro bien dans les limites de l'incertitude expérimentale. Puisque cette incertitude est plus grande que la vitesse à cause de la rotation de la Terre, l'erreur expérimentale doit être réduite davantage pour établir "le résultat nul" par rapport à la rotation de la Terre sans aucun doute. Notre expérience est fondamentalement différente en principe des expériences traditionnelles de la dérive d'éther basées sur l'interférence de la lumière. En particulier, notre expérience est libre du problème de la dérive des franges lors de la rotation de l'interféromètre, et contribue donc une expérience véritablement indépendante des expériences d'interférence.
Recently we have presented a theory of unification of gravitational and electromagnetic fields based on the generalization of Newton’s law to include a dynamic term similar to the Lorentz force of electrodynamics[1]. The unification is convincing. The generalization based on similarity of Newton’s law and Coulomb’s law, however, is speculative although reasonable and compelling. In this article, we have presented a derivation of the dynamic term of gravitation based on our newly proposed ether dynamics, which removes the speculative nature of dynamic term and perfects the unification theory. It turns out that the gravitational interaction is transmitted through the space medium ether. An object in ether is in direct contact with the ether, causing it to move like a highly viscous and incompressible fluid. The movement of ether propagates thorough space like a continuous medium, exerting a force on any object in ether.
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