BACKGROUND The number of global invasive species has significantly increased during the past two centuries due to globalization. The understanding of species invasion under climate change is crucial for sustainable biodiversity conservation, community dynamics, ecosystem function, and resource distribution. Two invasive species, Dysmicoccus brevipes (Cockerell) and D. neobrevipes (Beardsley) have greatly expanded their ranges during recent years. These insects are now considered as extremely serious pests for various plants, especially pineapple. In addition, they are the primary vectors for pineapple wilt associated virus. However, the potential distribution range and management strategies for these pests are unclear. RESULTS In this study, potential risk maps were developed for these pests with MaxEnt (maximum entropy) based on occurrence data under different environmental variables. The potential distributions of these pests were projected for 2050s and 2070s under three climate change scenarios as described in the Special Report on Emissions Scenarios of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Results showed that both pests have similar potential distributions, with high environmental suitability in South America, Africa and South Asia. In addition, potential range expansions or reductions were predicted under different climate change scenarios. The annual mean temperature was the most important factor, accounting for 43.4% of D. brevipes distribution. The minimum temperature of coldest month and mean temperature of coldest quarter was found to be responsible for 90.3% of D. neobrevipes distribution. CONCLUSION This research provided a theoretical reference framework to develop policies in the management and control of these invasive pests. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry

Four species of Anastatus Motschulsky (Hymenoptera, Eupelmidae, Eupelminae) are newly reported as egg parasitoids of the Japanese giant silkworm, Caligula japonica Moore and, as an alternate laboratory host, the Chinese oak silk moth, Antheraea pernyi (Guérin-Méneville) (Lepidoptera, Saturniidae) in China. The four species, A. fulloi Sheng & Wang, 1997, A. gansuensis Chen & Zang, sp. nov., A. japonicus Ashmead, 1904, and A. meilingensis Sheng, 1998, were reared initially from eggs of C. japonica collected in Gansu, Jilin and Liaoning provinces and subsequently cultured in the laboratory on eggs of A. pernyi. An illustrated key to differentiate females of the four species, and males of some of the species is provided. Key features are illustrated, both sexes of the new species are described, and diagnoses of females of the other species are given.

Fourteen species of Anastatus (Anastatus) Motschulsky, 1859 (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae) are treated from China, of which A. (Anastatus) flavaeratus Peng and Tang n. sp. and A. (Anastatus) pariliquadrus Peng and Tang n. sp. are described based on brachypterous females. Two new synonyms are proposed, A. flavipes Sheng and Wang, 1997 under A. japonicus Ashmead, 1904 n. syn., and A. huangi Sheng and Yu, 1998 under A. gastropachae Ashmead, 1904 n. syn. The species previously reported from China under the name A. acherontiae Narayanan, Subba Rao and Ramachandra, 1960 is newly identified as Anastatus echidna (Motschulsky, 1863). Anastatus colemani Crawford, 1912, is excluded from the Chinese mainland fauna, and A. dendrolimus Kim and Pak, 1965, A. kashmirensis Mathur, 1956, and A. tenuipes Bolívar y Pieltain, 1925 are excluded from the Chinese fauna. Two previously recorded extralimital species, A. bifasciatus (Geoffroy, 1785) and A. colemani are treated as possibly present in China even though their presence was not confirmed and the records likely are based on misidentifications. Anastatus ramakrishnai (Mani, 1935), originally described from India, is compared with A. dexingensis Sheng and Wang, 1997 and A. formosanus Crawford, 1913, with the suggestion that the name could be synonymous with one of the latter two names. The males of nine species and females of all Anastatus species recognised from China are keyed, diagnosed, and illustrated. Information on recorded hosts and distribution is summarised for all the species.

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Six species of Anastatus Motschulsky, 1859 (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae) were described from China in Chinese by J.K. Sheng and coauthors in 1997 and 1998: A. dexingensis, A. flavipes, A. fulloi, A. huangi, A. meilingensis and A. shichengensis. This represents almost half the species of Anastatus recorded from China, but no keys were given to differentiate the species and the original descriptions included only simple line drawings to illustrate the species. Because recognition of these species is critical prior to clarifying the Anastatus fauna of China and of the eastern Palaearctic and Oriental regions, we have redescribed the six species in detail in English based on original type material, illustrating the species through macrophotography of type material and providing a key to differentiate females of the species.