Higher incomes and nonmanual occupations were related to a greater prevalence of type 2 diabetes, and high body mass index mediated these associations. These findings suggest that interventions for type 2 diabetes in China should be targeted at populations with high socioeconomic status and nonmanual occupations to reduce lifestyle risk factors and prevent diabetes.

Frailty is a dynamic status where the individual is susceptible to stressors (Clegg et al., 2013), and increases the risk of adverse health outcomes, such as falls (Cheng & Chang, 2017), hospitalisation (Chang et al., 2018) and death (Kojima, 2018). Study suggests frailty is a specific manifestation of population ageing that is common among older adults (Clegg et al., 2013). Different measuring tools of frailty generate distinctly different prevalence between older adults (Verver et al., 2019). Currently, two types of

ObjectivesTo assess the prevalence of frailty and identify predictors of frailty among Chinese community-dwelling older adults with type 2 diabetes.DesignA cross-sectional design.SettingTwo community health centres in central China.Participants291 community-dwelling older adults aged ≥65 years with type 2 diabetes.Main outcome measuresData were collected via face-to-face interviews, anthropometric measurements, laboratory tests and community health files. The main outcome measure was frailty, as assessed by the frailty phenotype criteria. The multivariate logistic regression model was used to identify the predictors of frailty.ResultsThe prevalence of prefrailty and frailty were 51.5% and 19.2%, respectively. The significant predictors of frailty included alcohol drinking (ex-drinker) (OR 4.461, 95% CI 1.079 to 18.438), glycated haemoglobin (OR 1.434, 95% CI 1.045 to 1.968), nutritional status (malnutrition risk/malnutrition) (OR 8.062, 95% CI 2.470 to 26.317), depressive symptoms (OR 1.438, 95% CI 1.166 to 1.773) and exercise behaviour (OR 0.796, 95% CI 0.716 to 0.884).ConclusionsA high prevalence of frailty was found among older adults with type 2 diabetes in the Chinese community. Frailty identification and multifaceted interventions should be developed for this population, taking into consideration proper glycaemic control, nutritional instruction, depressive symptoms improvement and enhancement of self-care behaviours.