We propose and analyze a hyper-Raman scheme for generation of coherent light in a five-level atomic system based on electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). We show that EIT suppresses linear and nonlinear photon absorption and enables the hyper-Raman process to proceed through real, near-resonant intermediate states. The scheme greatly enhances hyper-Raman efficiency and may be used for generating short-wavelength radiation at low pump intensities.

No abstract

No abstract

Quantitative biology is dedicated to taking advantage of quantitative reasoning and advanced engineering technologies to make biology more predictable. Microfluidics, as an emerging technique, provides new approaches to precisely control fluidic conditions on small scales and collect data in highthroughput and quantitative manners. In this review, the authors present the relevant applications of microfluidics to quantitative biology based on two major categories (channel-based microfluidics and droplet-based microfluidics), and their typical features. We also envision some other microfluidic techniques that may not be employed in quantitative biology right now, but have great potential in the near future.