In spite of improvements in global health over the 20th century, health inequities are increasing. Mounting evidence suggests that reducing health inequities requires taking action on the social determinants of health (SDOH), which include income, education, employment, political empowerment and other factors. This paper introduces an alternative health education curriculum, developed by the US-based non-profit organization Just Health Action, which teaches critical health literacy as a step towards empowering people to achieve health equity. Critical health literacy is defined as an individual's understanding of the SDOH combined with the skills to take action at both the individual and the community level. Prior to describing our curricular framework, we connect the recommendations of the World Health Organization Commission on the SDOH with the objectives of the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion by arguing that achieving them is reliant on critical health literacy. Then we describe our four-part curricular framework for teaching critical health literacy. Part 1, Knowledge, focuses on teaching the SDOH and the paradigm of health as a human right. Part 2, Compass, refers to activities that help students find their own direction as a social change agent. Part 3, Skills, refers to teaching specific advocacy tools and strategies. Part 4, Action, refers to the development and implementation of an action intended to increase health equity by addressing the SDOH. We describe activities that we use to motivate, engage and empower students to take action on the SDOH and provide examples of advocacy skills students have learned and actions they have implemented.

This article describes a new curriculum developed by Just Health Action (JHA), which teaches the social determinants of health (SDOH) as a strategy to promote health equity. Motivated by the mounting evidence that improvements in health ultimately require taking action on the social, political, and economic determinants of health, JHA has worked since 2004 to teach adolescents critical health literacy, which combines the understanding of the SDOH with skills to take action. This article explains JHA's curricular methodology, provides two case examples of school-based partnerships, and discusses the successes and challenges the authors have experienced in their efforts. JHA's teaching has been enthusiastically received, but its biggest barrier in teaching the SDOH in secondary schools is general lack of awareness of the SDOH and their impact on health outcomes. The authors echo international and national calls to raise awareness of the SDOH through training and education. Incorporating the SDOH into secondary school curriculum first requires a citizenry convinced by its importance who will in turn influence curriculum change. The authors recommend that the SDOH be taught to health professionals in continuing education, as a required course in schools of public health, and in the new initiative to teach public health in undergraduate education.