The submerged plant Vallisneria natans can provide an attachment matrix and habitat for diverse microorganisms and plays an important role in maintaining the structure and function of the shallow lake ecosystem. However, little is known about how V. natans-related microorganism components, especially bacteria, adapt to specific plant compartments. In this study, we investigated the assembly and network of bacterial communities living in different plant compartments (sediment, rhizosphere, rhizoplane, root endosphere, and leaf endosphere) associated with V. natans by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The results showed that the diversity and network complexity of the bacterial community in the sediment was significantly higher than that in other plant compartments. The bacterial community composition showed that the dominant phyla were Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Desulfobacterota, and Chloroflexi, among which Proteobacteria were extremely abundant in all samples, and there were notable differences in bacterial community composition related to plant compartments. Different networks based on sediment and plant compartments showed distinct co-occurrence patterns and exhibited distinct topological features. Additionally, functional predictions from FAPROTAX indicate that the predominant biogeochemical cycle function of the V. natans-related bacterial community is to participate in the carbon and nitrogen cycle. These results strongly suggested how the microbial community adapted to different plant compartments and provided theoretical and technical data for isolating beneficial bacteria from macrophytes in the future.

After the underground coal resources were exploited in the Huainan high diving mining area, the surface subsidence water formed a subsidence lake. Studying the influencing factors of the phytoplankton community structure in coal mining subsidence lakes is extremely important in enabling us to understand the nutritional status and ecological environment of the lake. In this study, we sampled phytoplankton in sunken lakes in August 2021 and analyzed the effects of the environmental factors on the phytoplankton community structure and diversity. The results showed that WT, pH, Cond, AN, NO and TP were the main environmental factors affecting phytoplankton cell density. The density and diversity of phytoplankton cells revealed obvious spatial distribution differences depending on the different drainage connectivity of sunken lakes, and the density and diversity of phytoplankton cells were higher in sunken lakes with better drainage connectivity. This study provides basic data for an in-depth understanding of sunken lakes, a special water body, and provides scientific data support for the reconstruction, restoration and sustainable development of the ecological environment in the mining area from the perspective of ecology.