Research Summary This study focuses on a salient challenge for entrepreneurs in emerging economies: government expropriation. Drawing on signaling arguments, we propose that an owner's high socioeconomic status (SES) attracts government attention to her start‐up by conveying information about its resource endowments. The empirical tests based on start‐ups in China support that an owner's high SES increases government expropriation. The effect is stronger for start‐ups in regions with greater income inequality or in those where the legal system is less developed. High‐SES entrepreneurs can mitigate the risk of government expropriation by building political connections. Managerial Summary Institutional voids in emerging economies pose a major threat to start‐ups in the form of government expropriation. This research finds that the threat is more severe for start‐ups with high‐SES entrepreneurs because they have strong resource‐mobilization capabilities and easily become expropriation targets. Further, this research suggests that two measures help protect high‐SES entrepreneurs from government expropriation: locating their start‐ups in regions with low income inequality or a well‐developed legal system, and building connections with the government in order to exchange favors with government officials.

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The regional ecological security and sustainable development are impacted by the changing terrain pattern. It is important to investigate the temporal and spatial shifts in coastal city landscape patterns As they have significant directing implications for coastal city landscape pattern improvement. The analytical results of the landscape pattern index of the coastal zone in the Nansha District of Guangzhou are investigated at three levels: patch level scale, type scale, and overall landscape scale, utilizing the method for calculating the LPI, which is based on site type data and land use data for the years 1987 to 2020. The findings indicate that: (1) From 1987 to 2012, Nansha made the landscape patches uniform and continuous, the water patches remained intact, the city expanded more quickly from 2013 to 2020, and the landscape fragmentation increased year by year. As human beings surround coastal zones with various productive activities. The heterogeneity of the center urban landscape is particularly significant, and the spatial pattern of different landscape types and their composition on land tends to be intricate. (2) The shift in arable land, water, and building land is shown by the type-scale landscape index. The development of urbanization causes patches of arable land to lose their dominating status quickly, while water bodies continue to hold the third-place position, and construction land takes its place as the most complex patch. (3) The overall landscape scale index shows that in the Nansha District the patch size of different landscape types increased from 1995 to 2002 before tending to stabilize. This finding suggests that as urbanization accelerated, leading to an overall patch fragmentation increase, composition tended to become more complex. In addition to providing a theoretical framework for investigating the relationship between changes in landscape pattern and ecological processes in the coastal zone, this study identifies a landscape pattern index that can quantify the complexity of the distribution of landscape types in the coastal zone of the Nansha District. We also offer a land use optimization strategy for Nansha’s ecological space and land use, which will serve as methodological guidance and a point of reference for the long-term sustainable development of the urban cluster’s ecological environment based on the fusion of land and water. These recommendations are derived from the study’s results.

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