During language processing, humans form complex embedded representations from sequential inputs. Here, we ask whether a “geometrical language” with recursive embedding also underlies the human ability to encode sequences of spatial locations. We introduce a novel paradigm in which subjects are exposed to a sequence of spatial locations on an octagon, and are asked to predict future locations. The sequences vary in complexity according to a well-defined language comprising elementary primitives and recursive rules. A detailed analysis of error patterns indicates that primitives of symmetry and rotation are spontaneously detected and used by adults, preschoolers, and adult members of an indigene group in the Amazon, the Munduruku, who have a restricted numerical and geometrical lexicon and limited access to schooling. Furthermore, subjects readily combine these geometrical primitives into hierarchically organized expressions. By evaluating a large set of such combinations, we obtained a first view of the language needed to account for the representation of visuospatial sequences in humans, and conclude that they encode visuospatial sequences by minimizing the complexity of the structured expressions that capture them.

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The present research aimed to investigate the impact of a psychological nursing intervention on psychological distress and quality of life of thyroid cancer patients. A total of 286 participants were randomly divided into two groups: a control group (n = 143) and an intervention group (n = 143). In addition to routine nursing care, patients in the intervention group were given additional psychological nursing interventions. A reduced edition of the Profile of Mood States was used to evaluate mood disturbance, and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire–Core Questionnaire (version 3.0) was applied to determine the quality of life of patients. The intervention group showed remarkably alleviated depression, anxiety, and mood disturbance when compared to the control group. In addition, global health status, functional status, and symptoms status were significantly improved in the intervention group. In conclusion, our findings suggest that a psychological nursing intervention could reduce psychological distress and enhance the life quality of thyroid cancer patients, which could have clinical value to the treatment of thyroid cancer.