The determination of the absolute configuration of chiral molecules is at the heart of asymmetric synthesis. Here we probe the spectroscopic limits for chiral discrimination with NMR spectroscopy in chiral aligned media and with vibrational circular dichroism spectroscopy of the sixfold-deuterated chiral neopentane. The study of this compound presents formidable challenges since its stereogenicity is only due to small mass differences. For this purpose, we selectively prepared both enantiomers of (2) H6 -1 through a concise synthesis utilizing multifunctional intermediates. While NMR spectroscopy in chiral aligned media could be used to characterize the precursors to (2) H6 -1, the final assignment could only be accomplished with VCD spectroscopy, despite the fleetingly small dichroic properties of 1. Both enantiomers were assigned by matching the VCD spectra with those computed with density functional theory.
Several approaches using organozirconocene species for the remote cleavage of strained three-membered ring carbocycles are described. ω-Ene polysubstituted cyclopropanes, alkylidenecyclopropanes, ω-ene spiro[2.2]pentanes, and ω-ene cyclopropyl methyl ethers were successfully transformed into stereodefined organometallic intermediates, allowing an easy access to highly stereoenriched acyclic scaffolds in good yields and, in most cases, excellent selectivities. DFT calculations and isotopic labeling experiments were performed to delineate the origin of the obtained chemo- and stereoselectivities, demonstrating the importance of microreversibility.
Die Bestimmung der absoluten Konfiguration chiraler Molekülen gilt als das Herzstückd er asymmetrischen Synthese.Hier untersuchen wir die spektroskopischen Grenzen der chiralen Differenzierung mit NMR-Spektroskopie in chiral ausrichtenden Medien und mit Schwingungszirkulardichroismus-Spektroskopie anhand des sechsfach deuterierten chiralen Neopentans.D ad essen Chiralität nur auf kleinen Massenunterschieden beruht, erweist sich die Strukturbestimmung als besonders schwierig. Wirs ynthetisierten beide Enantiomere des 2 H 6 -1 getrennt über einen kurzen Weg, der sich vielfach funktionalisierter Intermediate bedient. Die Bestimmung der Konfiguration der Vorstufen von 2 H 6 -1 erfolgte mithilfe von NMR-Spektroskopie in chiral ausrichtenden Medien. Trotz der nur sehr geringfügig dichroitischen Beschaffenheit von 1 konnte die endgültige Konfiguration nur durch VCD-Spektroskopie bestimmt werden. Ab-initio-und Dichtefunktionalrechnungen ermçglichten die eindeutige Zuordnung beider Enantiomere.
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