Background: Emergence delirium, a manifestation of acute postoperative brain dysfunction, is frequently observed after pediatric anesthesia and has been associated with the use of sevoflurane. Both xenon and dexmedetomidine possess numerous desirable properties for the anesthesia of children with congenital heart disease, including hemodynamic stability, lack of neurotoxicity, and a reduced incidence of emergence delirium. Combining both drugs has never been studied as a balanced-anesthesia technique. This combination allows the provision of anesthesia without administering anesthetic drugs against which the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued a warning for the use in young children. Methods/Design: In this phase-II, mono-center, prospective, single-blinded, randomized, controlled pilot trial, we will include a total of 80 children aged 0-3 years suffering from congenital heart disease and undergoing general anesthesia for elective diagnostic and/or interventional cardiac catheterization. Patients are randomized into two study groups, receiving either a combination of xenon and dexmedetomidine or mono-anesthesia with sevoflurane for the maintenance of anesthesia. The purpose of this study is to estimate the effect size for xenon-dexmedetomidine versus sevoflurane anesthesia with respect to the incidence of emergence delirium in children. We will also describe group differences for a variety of secondary outcome parameters including peri-interventional hemodynamics, emergence characteristics, incidence of postoperative vomiting, and the feasibility of a combined xenon-dexmedetomidine anesthesia in

Review of: Michel Scot, Liber Particularis, Liber Physonomie, Ed. Oleg Voskoboynikov, SISMEL–Edizioni Del Galluzzo, Firenze 2019 (Micrologus Library, 93), PP. VIII + 416, ISBN 9788884509062

Following the editor's practice, Questio de creatione ex nihilo will be abbreviated as QDC.

An Inventory of MedIevAl CoMMentArIes on pseudo-ArIstotle's Physiognomonica *The reception history of texts on physiognomy in the Middle Ages remains a largely unexplored area of research: its full history still needs to be written, especially when it comes to the biggest player in the field, Aristotle's Physiognomonica. The text deals with physiognomy, the discipline in which one tries to derive a person's character traits from their outward appearance. This text, which is nowadays considered pseudepigraphic, was translated from Greek into Latin by Bartholomew of Messina under the reign of king Manfred of Sicily (1258Sicily ( -1266. Thanks in part to this Latin translation, there was a revival of interest in physiognomy in the Middle Ages. No fewer than 128 manuscripts have come down to the present, which makes it Bartholomew's most popular translation. * This research was carried out within the framework of the project on the reception of Aristotle's Physiognomonica in the Middle Ages (project "The body as a mirror of the soul: an inquiry into the reception of the Physiognomonica in the Middle Ages and Renaissance" under the supervision of Pieter De Leemans and Russell Friedman).1 Worth mentioning are the major studies in the field of medieval physiognomy by J.

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