Parent training (PT) delivered as a guided self-help intervention may be a cost- and time-effective intervention in the treatment of children with externalizing disorders. In face-to-face PT, parenting strategies have repeatedly been identified as mediating mechanisms for the decrease of children's problem behavior. Few studies have examined possible mediating effects in guided self-help interventions for parents. The present study aimed to investigate possible mediating variables of a behaviorally oriented guided self-help program for parents of children with externalizing problems compared to a nondirective intervention in a clinical sample. A sample of 110 parents of children with externalizing disorders (80 % boys) were randomized to either a behaviorally oriented or a nondirective guided self-help program. Four putative mediating variables were examined simultaneously in a multiple mediation model using structural equation modelling. The outcomes were child symptoms of ADHD and ODD as well as child externalizing problems, assessed at posttreatment. Analyses showed a significant indirect effect for dysfunctional parental attributions in favor of the group receiving the behavioral program, and significant effects of the behavioral program on positive and negative parenting and parental self-efficacy, compared to the nondirective intervention. Our results indicate that a decrease of dysfunctional parental attributions leads to a decrease of child externalizing problems when parents take part in a behaviorally oriented guided self-help program. However, none of the putative mediating variables could explain the decrease in child externalizing behavior problems in the nondirective group. A change in dysfunctional parental attributions should be considered as a possible mediator in the context of PT.
Zusammenfassung. Theoretischer Hintergrund: Dysfunktionale elterliche Attributionen bei kindlichem Fehlverhalten werden als wichtiger Einflussfaktor für ungünstiges Erziehungsverhalten und assoziierte kindliche expansive Verhaltensauffälligkeiten diskutiert. Fragestellung: In einer Stichprobe von Kindern mit externalisierenden Verhaltensstörungen wurden nach einer psychometrischen Überprüfung des Fragebogens zur Erfassung dysfunktionaler elterlicher Attributionen (FDEA) die Zusammenhänge der elterlichen Attributionen mit expansiven Verhaltensproblemen und erziehungsbezogenen Maßen analysiert. Methode: Neben internen Konsistenzanalysen erfolgten eine Überprüfung der Faktorenstruktur sowie korrelative Analysen. Ergebnisse: Das angenommene 2-Faktoren-Modell konnte mit einer guten bis befriedigenden internen Konsistenz bestätigt werden. Dysfunktionale Attributionen zeigten Zusammenhänge mit der expansiven Symptomatik sowie mit erziehungsbezogenen Variablen. Schlussfolgerung: Bei der Erforschung expansiver Verhaltensauffälligkeiten und ungünstigen Erziehungsverhaltens sollten dysfunktionale elterliche Attributionen stärker berücksichtigt werden. Sie können mittels des FDEA reliabel und valide erhoben werden.
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