α-mangostin (αM), a xanthone derivative compound isolated from the extract of mangosteen pericarp (Garcinia mangostana L), has potential anticancer properties for breast cancer. However, it has poor solubility in water and low selectivity towards cancer cells. The polymeric nanoparticle formulation approach can be used to overcome these problems. In this study, a chitosan biopolymer-based αM polymeric nanoparticle formulation was encapsulated using kappa carrageenan (αM-Ch/Cr) as a novel carrier for breast cancer therapy and evaluated for their physicochemical properties, drug release profile, and in vitro cytotoxicity against breast cancer cells (MCF-7). Polymeric nanoparticles formulated with varying concentrations of kappa carrageenan were successfully prepared by ionic gelation and spray pyrolysis techniques. αM-Ch/Cr nanoparticles formed perfectly round particles with a size of 200–400 nm and entrapment efficiency ≥ 98%. In vitro release studies confirmed that αM-Ch/Cr nanoparticles had a sustained release system profile. Interestingly, the formulation of polymeric nanoparticles significantly (p < 0.05) increased the cytotoxicity of αM against MCF-7 cell with IC50 value of 4.7 μg/mL compared to the non-nanoparticle with IC50 of 8.2 μg/mL. These results indicate that αM-Ch/Cr nanoparticles have the potential to improve the physicochemical properties and cytotoxicity effects of αM compounds as breast cancer therapy agents.

Blush is a type of decorative cosmetics used in the cheek area there used with the aim of adding aesthetic value to the face so that the face looks prettier, fresher and has more dimension. Currently there are many blush preparations on the market that contain hazardous chemicals, then a blush preparation made from kesumba keling seed extract containing bixin as natural coloring is made. The purpose of this study was to formulation and evaluate blush cream preparations by utilizing the acetone and maceration is concentrated with a rotary vacuum evaporator. Blush cream formula made using dyes from kesumba keling seed extract with a concentration of 0.5%, 1%, 2%, and 3% into the chosen base formula that produced color in successive orange-yellowish, soft-orange, dark-orange and orange-brownish color. Evaluations undertaken include organoleptic, homogeneity test, dispersion test, pH test, viscosity test and preferences test. The results obtained are based on parameters test, namely the four formulas enter the required value range. Aseptability test results showed that the preparation of blush cream with a concentration of 2% of the most preferred color of kesumba rivet seed extract and at a concentration of 0.5% was the easiest to spread.

Tabir surya merupakan sediaan kosmetika yang dapat membantu melindungi kulit dari pengaruh buruk sinar matahari. Daun cempedak memiliki aktivitas sebagai tabir surya dan dapat diaplikasikan dalam bentuk lotion. Ekstrak daun cempedak yang diekstraksi dengan n-heksana dan dilanjutkan dengan metanol, diformulasi dalam 3 formula lotion yaitu F1, F2, dan F3. Lotion hasil formulasi dievaluasi berupa pengujian meliputi organoleptis, homogenitas, pH, daya sebar, viskositas, dan pengujian aktivitas tabir surya. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa lotion yang diperoleh keduanya memiliki konsistensi setengah padat yang homogen, berbau khas oleum rosae, serta berwarna putih (F1), cokelat (F2), cokelat tua (F3). Daya sebar dan pH lotion berada pada rentang yang sesuai dengan standar sedian lotion. Lotion F2 dan F3 yang mengadung ekstrak daun cempedak memiliki aktivitas tabir surya kategori suntan standar pada penilaian %Te dan %Tp dan kategori proteksi maksimal pada penilaian SPF. Pada formula lotion F1 atau basis sediaan, nilai yang diperoleh pada %Te dan %Tp serta SPF tidak berada pada rentang penilaian aktivitas sebagai tabir surya atau formula F1 tidak menunjukkan adanya aktivitas sebagai tabir surya.

Natural compounds are emerging as effective agents for the treatment of malignant diseases. The active constituent of α-mangostin from the pericarp of Garcinia mangostana L. has earned significant interest as a plant base compound with anticancer properties. Despite α-mangostin’s superior properties as an anticancer agent, its applications are limited due to its poor solubility and physicochemical stability, rapid systemic clearance, and low cellular uptake. Our review aimed to summarize and discuss the nanoparticle formulations of α-mangostin for cancer drug delivery systems from published papers recorded in Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar. We investigated various types of α-mangostin nanoformulations to improve its anticancer efficacy by improving bioavailability, cellular uptake, and localization to specific areas These nanoformulations include nanofibers, lipid carrier nanostructures, solid lipid nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, nanomicelles, liposomes, and gold nanoparticles. Notably, polymeric nanoparticles and nanomicelles can increase the accumulation of α-mangostin into tumors and inhibit tumor growth in vivo. In addition, polymeric nanoparticles with the addition of target ligands can increase the cellular uptake of α-mangostin. In conclusion, nanoformulations of α-mangostin are a promising tool to enhance the cellular uptake, accumulation in cancer cells, and the efficacy of α-mangostin as a candidate for anticancer drugs.