Aplasia cutis congenita (ACC) is a congenital disorder characterized by the absence of epidermis, dermis, and sometimes subcutaneous tissue and bone. There are nine types of ACC based on the number and location of the lesions as well as the presence or absence of associated deformities, with type I ACC being the most common. Type V affects the trunk with a characteristic pattern resembling the "H" letter of the alphabet, generally accompanied by fetus papyraceus (death of one of the twin fetuses) or placental infarction. Type V ACC without fetus papyraceus and placental infarction is a rare case. We reported a case of type V ACC in a 3-day-old baby girl, with clinical manifestation of extensive ulcers on the scalp, back, buttocks, and both lower extremities, in an "H"-shaped pattern, with history of placenta accreta, but no fetus papyraceus or placental infarction was found. The patient received dialkyl carbamoyl chloride hydrophobic swab with hydrogel (Sorbact ® gel dressing-BSN Medical) and hydrocolloid wound dressing with good response, as indicated by the wounds becoming dried up, leaving an atrophic scar. Complete epithelialization was achieved in 72 days. The cause of type V ACC remains not completely understood. The diagnosis of ACC can be established based on clinical manifestations. Further examination is required if extracutaneous involvement is suspected. Early identification of the etiology of the lesions and appropriate investigation and treatment, including conservative wound management, are needed so that aplastic lesions can heal successfully, although cosmetic repair may be required at a later stage.

Twenty-nail dystrophy (TND) is a trachyonychia affecting all nails which cause aesthetic complaints. The difficulty of topical medication to penetrate through the nail plate brings a great challenge for TND treatment. We reported a case of TND in a 27-year-old woman, with clinical manifestation of trachyonychia, longitudinal ridging, mottled lunula, and subungual hyperkeratosis with ragged cuticle affected all nails. She has suffered from TND for 20 years with no systemic involvement found. Histopathological examination supported the diagnosis of nail lichen planus. The patient received a mixture of topical therapy consist of tacrolimus, urea, and salicylic acid, combined with fractional carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) laser with pulse energy: 160 mJ, pulse duration: 8.0 ms, density level: 17, and depth level: 2. After two sessions of treatment within five weeks interval, clinical improvement was seen as refinement of nail’s texture. Treatment of TND often unsatisfactory due to difficulty of drug penetration through the nail plate. The fractional CO 2 laser creates a column of destruction down to the dermis, which aid penetration of topical medication and stimulate nail bed rejuvenation. The use of fractional CO 2 laser as a penetration enhancer can be a therapeutic option for the treatment of TND with promising result as shown in this patient. This procedure enabled combination with topical medications as long-term therapy for TND.

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