Ключевые слова: социальные предприятия, миссия, модель социального предпринимательства, краудфандинг, Россия, Колумбия.

No abstract

Представлены результаты эмпирического исследования, проведенного в Санкт-Петербурге с целью установления особенностей восприятия цифрового мира девушками и женщинами различных поколений. Выявлено положительное отношение женщин к проникновению цифровых технологий во все сферы жизнедеятельности; обозначены наиболее актуальные электронные услуги и сервисы для разных возрастных групп; сформулированы перспективные направления дальнейших исследований, объектом которых являются цифровые пользователи-женщины. Ключевые слова: цифровое поколение, цифровая трансформация, гендерный аспект, электронные сервисы.

Introduction. Our paper is focused on the study of the current trends in educational migration in the context of Finland. We aim at identifying the factors that attract and keep educational immigrants in the host country. We suggest that educational immigrants are the most attractive category of immigrants due to their high adaptability and insertion into the labor markets in their resp ective countries of education. Materials and Methods. The research employs traditional methods of empirical analysis such as understanding and interpretation of the contents of documents, methods of graphical presentation of the data, analysis of Russian and foreign scientific literature, as well as the method of comparison of Russian and foreign theory and practice. The empirical basis of this study includes the results of a remote online survey using the Google Forms application. The sample of respondents is represented by the individuals residing in Saint Petersburg (Russia) and having in their profiles on the social media VKontakte a mention of the period of study in Finland. Results. We find that Finland pursues a successful systematic national policy to attract educational immigrants. This approach is designed to compensate for the unfavorable social and demographic situation in the country. Over the past ten years, there has been a tendency in Finland to increase the number of educational immigrants from Asian countries. The majority of foreign students are enrolled in the undergraduate programs of polytechnic universities and at the Master’s programs of classical universities. There is a significant predominance of female immigrants in all areas of study in Finl and. Discussion and Conclusion.Our results are of practical interest for the Russian government structures responsible for developing strategic guidelines for immigration education policy, as well as for organizations responsible for the development of interstate cooperation in the field of education and science. Heads and staff of international cooperation departments of higher education institutions dealing with the social adaptation of educational immigrants might take into account the identified difficulties of students in adaptation. The results of the study might also be of some interest to the representatives of the scientific community involved in educational migration.

This paper investigates a phenomenon of leadership and factors that determine the formation of an efficient leader. The methods of analysis, comparison, concretization, generalization are used as the operation methods. With the help of action methods scientific theories, confirmed practically, are systematized, contradictions are distinguished and solved, hypotheses are made. General relations for the topic of leadership, capable of forecasting and suggesting the major trends in leadership development, are formed. A theory of charismatic leadership is the most suitable to the contemporary conditions of the society development. Leadership is a natural gift, which develops and improves for the whole life. The stages of a leader formationinfancy, childhood, pupilage, maturity. During all the stages a leader, performing communications, experiences the "mirror effect", which has both the positive and negative characteristics. The depth of the potential formation depends mostly of a qualitative level of those "mirrors", which the leader looks at during all the stages of his, or her formation. There is a two-factor model of the leader's efficiency offered in the article, suggesting a combination of two rolesa visionary and hierarch. We conclude that a contemporary leader is in a permanent choice of a basic growth point acting under the conditions of uncertainty, or a need to continuously correct her/his strategy and tactics.