Aim:To analyze the efficiency of organic and inorganic substrates in samples of benthic macroinvertebrates of riparian forests from the Cerrado. Specific objectives: (i) characterize the ecological succession and taxonomic richness of benthic macroinvertebrates in stream affluent of a riparian forest; (ii) analyze the influence of seasonality on the colonization of macroinvertebrates; and (iii) determine the effect of the types of artificial substrates on the richness, composition and abundance of the benthic community. Methods: Sampling was carried out in the rainy and dry seasons, and we installed in the watercourse two types of substrates: organic (leaf packs) and inorganic (bricks), organized in pairs. Six samples per season were done to verify colonization, succession, richness and abundance of benthic community. The substrates were carefully sorted and the organisms were identified to the lowest possible taxonomic level. Results: The ecological succession was clearly observed, with the initial occurrence of Chironomidae and Baetidae (considered early colonizers), and a late occurrence of organisms such as Helotrephidae and Trichoptera (considered late colonizers). No significant difference was found in the richness and abundance among the studied seasons (rainy and dry), but the organic substrate was significantly higher than the inorganic substrate for these parameters. Conclusion: Organic artificial substrates are more efficient in characterizing the community of benthic macroinvertebrates in the study area, because they are more similar to the conditions of the substrate found naturally in the environment.
Aim The maintenance and condition of riparian vegetation are important factors for conserving headwater streams and their species diversity. Thus, variations in the width of a riparian zone can have dramatic effects in the structure and functioning of the adjacent freshwater ecosystem. In this study, we aimed to determine if increased riparian zone width changed the benthic assemblages’ structure (diversity, taxonomic and functional composition) in headwater streams. Methods We tested two predictions: (1) increased riparian zone width will change the diversity and taxonomic composition of benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages because narrow riparian zones do not buffer the anthropogenic impacts from the surrounding landscape; (2) wider riparian zones will change benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages’ functional structure, due to changes to energetic input and quality. To test the first prediction, we assessed the benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages’ taxonomic composition, richness and Shannon-Wiener diversity index. To test the second prediction, we assessed functional feeding groups (FFG) and metrics based on their proportion. Results Our results showed that our first prediction was not corroborated, because taxonomic structure and diversity did not show significant variation with increased riparian zone width. Our second prediction was partially corroborated, because there were significant alterations in the functional structure of benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages between the narrowest riparian zone width (30 m) and the others two (50 and 100 m). Conclusions Our results suggest that, contrary to the Brazilian Federal Law 12651/2012, 30-m wide riparian zones are insufficient to protect headwater stream ecosystem functioning.
A B S T R A C TOn the past years, the natural sources and its unsustainable usage have become an increasing subject on academic studies. This contribution aimed to evaluate the impact of the Uberaba city over the Uberaba River, using ten metrics with benthic macroinvertebrates to classify the water quality (abundance, richness, EPT richness, Shannon-Weiner diversity, dominance, BMWP, EPT (%), EPT/Chironomidae (%), Odonata (%), Oligochaeta (%). Four sampling points were measured, two before and two after the city. The results have shown that the points before the city are better preserved, and were better classifieds by the metrics, while the others have shown urban impacts and are considered with worse quality by the metrics. Evaluating the selected metrics, six metrics were totally efficient to represent the preservation state of the river. Keywords: Benthos; city; degradation, multimetric index, water quality. R E S U M ONos último anos, os recursos naturais e seu uso insustentável tornaram alvo de estudo entre os pesquisadores. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o impacto que a cidade Uberaba tem sobre o Rio Uberaba, utilizando dez métricas com macroinvertebrados bentônicos para classificar a qualidade da água (abundância, riqueza, riqueza EPT, diversidade Shannon-Wiener, dominância, BMWP, EPT (%), EPT/Chironomidae (%), Odonata (%), Oligochaeta (%). Foram aferidos quatro pontos de coleta, dois à montante e dois à jusante da cidade. Os resultados mostraram que os pontos à montante da cidade são mais preservados, e foram melhor classificados pelas métricas, enquanto os pontos à jusante apresentam impactos urbanos como e foram considerados com qualidade ruim pelas métricas. Ao avaliar as métricas utilizadas, seis das dez métricas selecionadas foram totalmente eficientes para representar o grau de conservação dos pontos amostrados e o impacto urbano da cidade de Uberaba sobre o rio Uberaba. Palavras-Chave: Bentos, cidade, degradação, índice multimétrico, qualidade da água. IntroduçãoA quantidade de rios que correm em áreas urbanizadas vem aumentando desde o século XX e possivelmente continuará a aumentar no futuro (Meyer et al., 2005). As bacias hidrográficas e a qualidade da água são crescentemente impactadas pela urbanização, devido ao uso indevido dos recursos hídricos, tais como, a lavagem das ruas, transporte de material sólido e ligações clandestinas de esgoto cloacal e pluvial (Tucci, 1999). Como consequência, a biodiversidade dos ecossistemas de água doce também sofre intensa
O setor educativo do Museu de Biodiversidade do Cerrado da Universidade Federal deUberlândia tem uma preocupação intensa em desenvolver ações que possam possibilitar oestabelecimento de vínculos entre os professores da educação básica e o museu. Como jogos,experimentos e brinquedos podem se constituir em recursos pedagógicos interessantes no ensino deCiências e na abordagem de temáticas ambientais foi desenvolvida uma proposta de oficinas deprodução de recursos lúdicos por meio de materiais reutilizáveis. Os professores foram estimulados,através roteiros práticos, a confeccionar de forma coletiva os recursos didáticos e compartilhar suaspercepções com os pares e membros da equipe técnica do museu. O presente trabalho buscouavaliar a receptividade dos professores em relação às oficinas. Do universo amostral de professoresparticipantes, 87,9% julgaram que os recursos lúdicos serão de grande interesse e participação dosalunos na educação básica e 94,9% informaram que os recursos são de fácil elaboração e trabalhoem sala de aula, e que os utilizariam como proposta didática para abordagens diversas.
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