The current article focused on examining the potential benefits of the End-of-Life (EoL) informal caregiving, communication, and ritualistic behaviors in adaptation to the conjugal bereavement across two different cultural-background contexts: France and Togo, West Africa. The investigation adopted a transnational approach including a total of 235 bereaved spouses. Despite the variation in the length of time since death, no significant difference was found between the Togolese and French bereaved with respect to the level of complicated grief symptoms. However, the Togolese bereaved perceived a significant postloss growth, fostered by EoL communication with the dying and the performance of ritualistic behaviors. In the French sample, bereaved individuals who had experienced more intimate communication with their dying spouse reported a high level of postloss growth. Moreover, findings showed that EoL caregiving without ritualistic support or communication is associated with poor postbereavement outcomes. These findings suggest a clinical need to promote informal caregiving to the dying, communication with the dying, and ritualistic support during the process of dying as entangled components of EoL care.Résumé Dans cet article, nous avons examiné le potentiel effet positif de l'assistance au conjoint en fin de vie, de la communication avec lui et des actes rituels sur

Today every aspect of our life is published and shared online, including grief. The virtual cemeteries and social networks’ use could be considered as a new modern mortuary ritual. Starting from the keyword stillbirth, 50 videos published on YouTube since 2008 have been analyzed qualitatively. The videos, 70% published by the mother, with an average length of 5.52 minutes, a mean of 2,429,576 views and 2,563 of comments, follow a sort of script: the second part with black and white photos, background music, and religious references. Could the continuous access to the child’s technological grave encourage a complicated grief or be a support, given by the interaction with users, limiting the sense of isolation. The parent shows his or her own conceptions about death and, as a modern baptism, presents the child to the whole society. Videos keep child’s memory alive and fuel a process of personalization and tenderness in the user.

Propolis, a natural resinous mixture rich in polyphenols, produced by bees from a variety of plant sources, has shown significant therapeutic effects and may prevent the development of certain chronic diseases like type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of supplementation with standardized poplar propolis extract powder (PPEP) on insulin homeostasis in non-diabetic insulin-resistant volunteers with obesity. In this randomized, controlled, crossover trial, nine non-diabetic insulin-resistant volunteers with obesity, aged 49 ± 7 years, were subjected to two periods of supplementation (placebo and PPEP) for 3 months. Blood samples and anthropomorphic data were collected at baseline and at the end of each phase of the intervention. PPEP supplementation improved insulin sensitivity by significantly decreasing the percentage of insulin-resistant subjects and the insulin sensitivity Matsuda index (ISI-M). According to this study, supplementation with standardized PPEP for 3 months in non-diabetic insulin-resistant volunteers with obesity led to an improvement in insulin homeostasis by its effect on insulin resistance and secretion. This study suggests that poplar propolis has a preventive effect on the physiopathological mechanisms of T2DM and, therefore, that it can help to prevent the development of the disease.

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