Introduction Patients undergoing haemodialysis are at great cardiovascular risk. Neck circumference (NC) is a simple and low‐cost measure for estimating this risk precociously. The present study aimed to evaluate whether the cardiovascular risk obtained by NC is associated with the main cardiometabolic risk factors in patients on haemodialysis treatment who are on a waiting list for transplantation. Methods A cross‐sectional study was conducted including 96 patients in a single transplantation centre. Socio‐demographic, clinical‐laboratory and anthropometric data were collected. NC was considered as a dependent variable and the independent variables were body mass index (BMI), fasting glycaemia and lipid profile, triglyceride and high‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol (TGL/HDL‐C) ratio, and triglyceride and glycaemia (TyG) index. For the comparison of averages, we used Mann–Whitney and Student’s t tests, as well as one‐way analysis of variance and Kruskal–Wallis tests. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression was performed for the association between NC and cardiometabolic risk factors. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results There were higher BMI averages, blood glucose, triglycerides (TGL), TGL/HDL‐C ratio and TyG index in the tertile 3 of the NC, whereas the HDL‐C decreased as the tertile increased. There was a statistically significant risk of cardiovascular disease that was asscoiated, according to NC, with being overweight, high levels of TGL, TGL/HDL‐C, TyG index and low HDL‐C. Conclusions NC is shown to be associated with cardiometabolic risk factors in kidney patients undergoing haemodialysis who are on a transplant waiting list.

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Objetivo: Avaliar a relação entre distúrbios hidroeletrolíticos e o consumo de cálcio, potássio e fósforo em pacientes renais crônicos durante tratamento hemodialítico. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo observacional, de corte transversal, composto por 33 participantes realizado em uma clínica de nefrologia em Fortaleza, executado entre setembro e outubro de 2018. Os dados dos hábitos alimentares foram coletados por meio da aplicação de Questionário de Frequência Alimentar e os valores obtidos em gramatura foram divididos de acordo com a periodicidade do consumo a fim da obtenção de valores diários. Os níveis séricos de cálcio, potássio e fósforo foram obtidos por meio de consulta aos prontuários. Resultados: Média do consumo de cálcio de 641,8mg, potássio 2652,9mg, fósforo 1429,0mg onde o consumo de cálcio e potássio obtiveram maior adequação e fósforo menor adequação aos padrões de referência. Já os níveis séricos encontrados foi de 8,8mg/dL para cálcio, 5,5mg/dL para o potássio e fósforo de 5,1mg/dL.  Não houve suficiência na correlação estatística entre consumo e níveis séricos Conclusão: O consumo inadequado de fósforo, além da concentração sérica desajustada deste, conferiram achados relevantes na atual pesquisa. O uso de quelantes e a metodologia empregada para mensuração do consumo de nutrientes parece interferir em resultados relatados de consumo alimentar, associado a isso, o controle da ingestão deve ser rigorosamente monitorado.

Objective: The objective of the study was to estimate and analyze the Potential Renal Acid Load (PRAL) of the diet in patients maintenance hemodialysis who are candidates for transplantation. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted. The sample was separated in terciles of the PRAL. For the association between the PRAL and the independent variables, non-adjusted multinomial logistic regression and adjusted by potential confounders were implemented. It was assumed a p< 0,05 for statistical significance. Results: It was noticed that protein (g), the protein /kg of weight (g/kg), % of animal and vegetal protein, the phosphorus (mg), the lipid (g), and the carbohydrate (g) showed differences between the terciles (p<0,05). In regression, the greatest consumption of protein (g), protein g/kg of weight (g/kg), % of animal protein and lipid (g) was associated with the tercile 3 to tercile 1, whereas the greatest consumption of carbohydrate and % vegetal protein showed a protective effect. Conclusion: The results show an association between the PRAL and the protein consumption with the difference between the sources. It was not found an association between PRAL and the variables of nutritional status.