Pompomari is a district in Damaturu metropolis in Yobe State, northeast Nigeria, and it has been identified by some researchers to have groundwater pollution problem. In view of this problem, this study investigated the groundwater pollution in the area using geophysical and hydro-chemical methods. The findings of this study showed that the area is composed of five geo-electrical layers such as topsoil, clay, sandy clay, sand and clay. The fourth layer constitute the aquifer in the study area. The Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) survey delineated the contaminant plumes in the study area as low resistivity materials in the subsurface. The contaminated zones were identified with resistivity values ranging from 2 -20 Ωm. The results of the hydrochemical analysis of the groundwater samples in the study area confirm that the groundwater is polluted and it validated the ERT survey results. Based on the findings of this study, we recommend that a high capacity drainage system should be constructed in Pompomari area of Damaturu to protect the area from flooding and groundwater pollution. Shallow boreholes in the study area should be closed and new borehole should be drilled to a depth of 100 m and above for quality groundwater abstraction from the fourth geologic layer which is a confined aquifer. The pollution index values for Cadmium, Lead, Iron, Arsenic, and Chromium showed that the groundwater in the study area is polluted.

Heatwaves are significant natural disaster that is caused primarily by extreme temperatures. The extreme heat events associated with heatwaves often cause severe health complications and deaths. In view of the environmental hazards associated with heatwaves, this study investigated the impact of heatwaves in Yobe State, northeast Nigeria. Temperature and humidity data of thirty years (1991-2020) for the hot season (March-June), were obtained from the Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NiMet) Abuja.  Time series analysis and basic statistical tools were used to analysis the data which was used to evaluate the trend of heatwaves and their impact in the study area. The results of the study showed that 2010 was extremely hot with an average maximum temperature anomaly of 2.18, while 2013 and 2015 have an average maximum temperature anomaly of 1.93 respectively, and were very hot. The trend in the average maximum temperature anomaly of the study area showed a continuous increase in extreme heat for about a decade (2009-2020). The positive temperature trend and the average maximum temperature anomaly showed that the intensity of heatwaves in the study area will increase in the future as a result of global warming caused by the continuous emission of anthropogenic greenhouse gases. The results also showed that the heatwaves were exacerbated by the drought which occurred between 2010 and 2014.  The annual heat index which range from 29.4oC - 34oC in the study area showed that the heatwaves have impacted both human and animals negatively in the area.

In this study we investigated the impact of climate change on groundwater quality in Gashua northeast Nigeria. The results of the time series analysis of the meteorological data obtained from the area showed high variability in rainfall and temperature due to climate change. This variability is responsible for the extreme and erratic rainfall which cause flooding in the area. The flood water are associated with both organic and inorganic contaminants which infiltrate into the subsurface to pollute the groundwater. Geophysical and Hydrochemical methods were used to investigate the groundwater quality in the area. The results of the Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) showed that the area is composed of five geoelectric layers which are; topsoil, clay, sand, sandy-clay and sand. The second layer which is clay enhances the retention of the flood water in the study area due to its proximity to the surface. Contaminated zones in the subsurface of the study area were identified as low resistivity areas with resistivity values ranging from 2 -25 Ωm. The results of the hydro-chemical analysis of the groundwater samples showed that the groundwater is polluted. Based on the findings of this study, we recommend that a high capacity drainage system should be constructed in Gashua and its environs to protect the area from extreme flooding and groundwater pollution. Gashua river channel should be improved through excavation and river bank protection to accommodate floodwater.

Groundwater quality monitoring is very important in cities and towns where there were poor solid waste management. In this study, the effects of solid waste on groundwater in Damaturu Metropolis along Potiskum road was investigated using both electrical resistivity survey and hydro-chemical methods. The results of the study showed that the solid waste at the dump sites generate leachate which percolate into the subsurface to pollute the groundwater. Two aquifers were delineated in the study area and the ERT survey results showed that the groundwater in the first aquifer was contaminated. The contaminants were characterized by very low resistivity which distinguished them from their host rocks. The contaminants are highly conductive which indicate that they were inorganic and possibly of metallic origin. The results of the analyzed water samples from the study area revealed that heavy metals such as Cadmium, Arsenic, Iron, Chromium, and Lead were in elevated concentration in the groundwater of the study area. The first aquifer in the study area is semi-confined and its proximity to the earth surface made it much vulnerably to pollution. The second aquifer is confined by a very thick sandy-clay formation which protects it from pollution by contaminant plumes. It is the most appropriate for groundwater abstraction in the study area. Considering the health hazards associated with the consumption of polluted groundwater, we therefore recommend that all the hand dug wells and shallow boreholes in the study area should be closed down for safety and the solid waste dump sites should be...

This study evaluated the aquifer protective capacity of Lambata in Kwali area council of Abuja, using electrical resistivity method. The obtained data were interpreted manually by partial curve matching and the obtained results were iterated using WINREIST software. The first layer is the topsoil whose resistivity range from 127.7 to 562.4 Ωm and its thickness range from 0.7 to 1.6 m. The second layer is laterite and its resistivity range from 302.3 to 937.6 Ωm, the thickness of the second layer range from 3.7 to 13.3 m. The third layer is a clay formation whose resistivity range from 46.7 to 88.8 Ωm and its thickness range from 6.6 to 27.9 m. The fourth layer is a weather/ fractured basement, this layer is the aquifer and it is confined by the overlying clay formation. Its resistivity range from 59.0 to 870.2 Ωm, while its thickness range from 6.0 to 28.5 m.  The fifth layer is the fresh basement whose resistivity range from 1038.5 to 4992.5 Ωm. The total longitudinal conductance values of the overburden in the study area range from 0.00143 to 0.410334 mΩ-1. The average aquifer thickness in the study area is 16.60 m. The aquifer protective capacity is about 93.3% moderate and 6.7% weak. The aquifer protective capacity of the study area is fairly good but not sufficient to protect the groundwater in the area from pollution. We therefore strongly suggest that there should be proper environmental and waste monitoring management in the study area to safeguard the groundwater