The study was designed to investigate the teachers' perceptions on the role of primary school heads in the application of clinical supervision programmes. It was discovered that a number of problems in clinical supervision programmes emanated from the fact that there was lack of consultation by supervisors, the need for better methods for these programmes and the need for clear explanation on the role of the supervisor during the process. The descriptive survey research design was used because the researcher could describe in detail and in comprehensive terms what was found out in the field. The random sample consisted of ten primary schools in Makonde District which has a population of about 300 teachers from these schools. For data collection the questionnaire was used. The results of the study indicated that the majority of the teachers appreciated the existence of clinical supervision programmes in schools. Teachers accepted the head's role in clinical supervision. It was found out that the head's role affected the running of clinical supervision programmes. Major recommendations were that the staff should be given opportunities to suggest the best method for clinical supervision. It was recommended that supervisors and supervisees be colleagues in the process.

Widespread destruction of the country's wetlands, especially in urban centres, has continued unchecked despite a raft of legal instruments that criminalizes such activities. Mineral panning, housing developments, agricultural and industrial activities are among the leading causes of wetland degradation. This research found out that the demand for housing in Bindura has seen the town authorities parcelling out land in areas that had been preserved as wetlands, most of the areas are not fit for construction. The research sought to find out what the Environmental Management Agency (EMA) had done to raise awareness in the town. Data was collected through the use a self-administered questionnaire with EMA officials being the survey respondents. Four wetlands site were visited where there is ongoing construction of houses. The major findings where that housing construction depletes the water table and give rise to pollution of underground water. Other findings include habitat loss, water diversion structures, impairment of wetlands among others. It is therefore recommended that wetlands could be utilized in a way that it would not affect the ecological functions, such as creation of parks and golf courses. EMA should be given more authority to stop local authorities from allocating stands on wetlands and there should be local environmental activities to raise awareness.

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Purpose: Indigenous knowledge Systems is a discipline that has received acknowledgement even from United Nations forums. However, the discussion of Indigenous Knowledge Systems practiced in the Dande valley of Zimbabwe is still hazy and unclear and the concerned citizens like academics ,call for an institutional and policy change has been ignored. Though there has been a ministry of Science and technology in Zimbabwe, its focus was mainly on modern science, even though indigenous knowledge was mentioned ,evidence on the ground shows that indigenous knowledge was given very little consideration. It is also the thrust of this paper to point into perspective the adaptive measures taken by the Dande community against climate change using Indigenous Knowledge Systems (IKS). Issues discussed focused on the role of IKS on plant phenology, health and risk reduction, food and security, art natural resource management as they are understood in the Climate change discourse. Originality/Value: This study will add to the knowledge base of IKS and climate change in fragile environments and of particular note the Dande Valley in Zimbabwe. The study will also enlighten and provide information to policy makers, researchers, academics and general citizens to make informed decisions. It will also help all interested stakeholders to think seriously on IKS and climate change discourse.