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Abstract:Odontogenic tumours comprise of both hamartomas and true neoplasm and are of great interest to oral pathologists, oral physicians and oral surgeons. The classification of odontogenic tumours underwent many modifications from its inception. Mixed odontogenic tumours are composed of neoplastic odontogenic epithelial as well as ectomesenchymal components. The lesions under this group are ameloblastic fibroma (AF), ameloblastic fibro dentinoma (AFD), ameloblastic fibro odontoma (AFO), odontoma, odontoameloblastoma, calcifying cystic odontogenic tumour (calcifying odontogenic cyst or COC) and dentinogenic ghost cell tumour. Ameloblastic fibromas are rare tumours and occur most commonly in first and second decade of life and may be associated with an impacted tooth.There are two school of thoughts regarding the nature of ameloblastic fibroma. According to the first view, ameloblastic fibroma is a hamartoma and matures to become complex composite odontoma and according to the latter, it is a neoplasm. In this article, these views and their place in WHO classification of odontogenic tumours, are discussed.

Candida albicans is the most prevalent candidal species in humans. It is the causative agent and is most commonly associated with more than 90% of serious systemic fungal infections. Even though there are numerous anti-fungal agents, new strains of pathogens develop resistance against these agents. In order to prevent resistance, plant-based drugs can be considered as an alternative therapy. Recent studies show that few herbs consist of active ingredients acting against specific pathogens. The aim of the present study is to understand the anti-candidal effect of Ocimum sanctum (Tulsi) based on in-vitro microbial studies. This systematic review followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Statement Criteria (PRISMA). Articles were collected from the electronic databases of PubMed and Cochrane till 2021. Anti-microbial studies on O. sanctum and its action against candidal species were included. We excluded clinical trials, reviews, abstract articles, and interventional studies. The selected antimicrobial studies used various phytochemical constituents of Tulsi extract, and the anticandidal properties were measured through the zone of inhibition (ZOI). All studies demonstrated the effective anticandidal property of O. sanctum , suggesting its possible use as an effective and affordable "adjunct" along with standard care for systemic and topical candidal infections. The main components of O. sanctum responsible for anticandidal activity were likely to be eugenol and linalool. However, the mechanism of action of these constituents is unclear. Further research assessing the toxicity, durability, and other assessments followed by clinical trials is necessary to explore the potential of Tulsi in combating oral conditions.

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