Objective: To measure the level of hope in cancer patients at the beginning and at the end of chemotherapy treatment and verify the associated factors in the two moments. Methods: Cross-sectional study with cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Data were collected at the beginning of chemotherapy and after three/four months of the treatment, with the application of the Herth Hope Index and a characterization questionnaire. The Meann-Whitney test was used to assess statistical associations at both moments. Results: The mean score of hope was 35.8 (± 6.11) points in the first moment, and 36.1 (± 7.12) in the second. Schooling greater than eight years, absence of metastasis, curative or adjuvant treatment and mild pain contributed significantly in increasing the scores. Conclusion: The level of hope increased at the end of the treatment, but not significantly. Factors influencing this increase were higher schooling, absence of metastases, curative or adjuvant treatment and absence of moderate to strong pain. ResumoObjetivo: Mensurar o nível de esperança de vida em pacientes oncológicos no início e no final do tratamento quimioterápico e verificar os fatores associados nos dois momentos. Métodos: Estudo transversal com pacientes oncológicos em tratamento quimioterápico. Os dados foram coletados no início e após três/quatro meses de quimioterapia, com a aplicação da Escala de Esperança de Herth e um questionário de caracterização. Foi utilizado o teste de Meann-Whitney para verificar associações estatísticas nos dois momentos. Resultados: O escore médio de esperança foi de 35,8 (±6,11) pontos no primeiro momento e, 36,1 (±7,12) no segundo. Escolaridade maior que oito anos, ausência de metástase, tratamento curativo ou adjuvante e dor leve contribuíram significativamente no aumento dos escores. Conclusão: O nível de esperança aumentou no final do tratamento, mas não significativamente. Os fatores que influenciaram este aumento foram maior escolaridade, ausência de metástases, tratamento curativo ou adjuvante e ausência de dor moderada a forte.
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